上海市社区妇女围绝经期症状和需求分析  

Perimenopausal clinical performance as well as cognition and demand for knowledge of perimenopause in community-dwelling women

作　　者：史玲 林寰东[2] 马慧[2] 沈小华 沈丽萍 高鑫[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市普陀区长风街道长风社区卫生服务中心,100062 [2]复旦大学附属中山医院内分泌科 [3]上海市普陀区人口和计划生育委员会

出　　处：《中华全科医师杂志》2013年第12期955-959,共5页Chinese Journal of General Practitioners

基　　金：国家科技部“十一五”科技支撑计划项目（2008BAI52B03,2009BAI80B01）;上海市卫生局“临床流行病学重点学科建设”项目（08GWZX0203）

摘　　要：目的 了解上海市社区围绝经期妇女的症状、影响因素以及女性对围绝经期知识的认知和需求.方法 2009年6月至2011年12月对1546名45 ～ 65岁常住户籍女性围绝经期症状以及围绝经期知识的认知和需求进行横断面调查.结果 该人群的平均绝经年龄（49.5±3.7）岁;围绝经期综合征发生率75.7％（1094人）,小学以下、中学和大专以上学历围绝经期综合征的发生率分别为81.4％（48人）、76.5％（963人）和65.4％（83人）（P =0.007）.性生活障碍（80.8％）,潮热出汗（64.7％）和疲乏感（55.8％）是围绝经期最常见的症状.最主要影响生活的3种症状是：泌尿系症状、性生活障碍和潮热出汗.27.1％（391人）的女性不知道围绝经期的概念,16.5％（238人）的女性不知道围绝经期可能出现的症状,19.8％（285人）的女性不知道围绝经期应当采取的保健措施,20.5％（296人）的女性不知道哪些症状需要就医.围绝经期妇女获取围绝经期知识的常用方法是与同龄人交流沟通（458人,31.7％）、向专业人士咨询（364人,25.2％）和查阅宣传资料（255人,17.6％）.结论 围绝经期妇女围绝经期综合征发生率很高,但多数女性缺乏围绝经期的相关知识且缺少专业指导.Objective To explore the clinical performance and related factors of perimenopausal syndrome,cognition and demand for perimenopausal knowledge in community-dwelling women.Methods During June 2009 to December 2011,a cross-section survey of perimenopausal symptoms as well as cognition and demand for perimenopausal knowledge was conducted in 1546 women aged 45 to 65 years in Shanghai Changfeng Community.Results The average menopausal age of this population was （49.5 ±3.7） years.The total prevalence of perimenopausal syndrome was 75.7％ （n =1094） and 81.4％,76.5％,65.4％ in women with primary school,middle school and college education background respectively （P=0.007）.Sexual disorders （80.8％）,hot flushes ＆ sweating （64.7％） and fatigue （55.8％） were the most common symptoms of perimenopause.The most serious symptoms affecting daily lives included urinary symptoms,unsatisfactory sexual life and hot flushes ＆ sweating.And 391 （27.1％）,238 （16.5％）,285 （19.8％） and 296 （20.5％） women did not know the concept of perimenopausal syndrome,possible symptoms,health measures or symptoms requiring medical attention.The common methods of acquiring the knowledge of perimenopause were communicating with peers （458,31.7％）,consulting professionals （364,25.2％） and searching health care information （225,17.6％）.Conclusions In women,the prevalence of perimenopausal syndrome remains quite high.And a majority of them lack a sufficient knowledge of perimenopause and need professional guidance.

关 键 词：围绝经期综合征 卫生服务需求 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R711.75[医药卫生—妇产科学]