外源有机物料对次生盐渍化大棚土壤的改良效果  

Effects of exogenous organic materials on the improvement of greenhouse soil salinization

作　　者：农明英[1] 张乃明[1] 史静[1] 包立[1] 张仕颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2013年第6期6-10,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：教育部"春晖计划"项目(Z2005-2-65005);云南省应用基础研究项目(2009ZC069M)

摘　　要：大棚土壤次生盐渍化已成为制约大棚设施农业生产的突出问题。在云南采集典型次生盐渍化大棚土壤,选择土壤调理剂、生物炭、商品有机肥、猪粪4种有机物料进行盆栽试验,研究其对盐渍化土壤的改良效果,结果表明:(1)施用生物炭和商品有机肥能有效改善次生盐渍化大棚土壤结构,降低容重,提高总孔隙度。(2)外源有机物料对改良大棚次生盐渍化土壤有显著作用,不仅降低了土壤全盐和电导率,还提高了作物产量。(3)大棚次生盐渍化土壤的主导阳离子为Ca2+、阴离子为NO-3、SO2-4,商品有机肥、生物炭和猪粪3类外源有机物料对降低Ca2+、NO-3、SO2-4的效果较好。(4)生物炭改良次生盐渍化大棚土壤的效果优于其它3种有机物料。Plastic greenhouse soil salinization has become a prominent problem for greenhouse sustainable production.The research collected the typical secondary salinization plastic greenhouse soils in Yunnan province,and selected soil conditioner,biochar,commercial organic fertilizer and pig manure for pot experiment to study the effects of exogenous organic materials on the improvement of salinized soil.The results showed that （1） Application of biochar and commercial organic fertilizer effectively improved the secondary salinization greenhouse soil texture,reduced bulk density,improved the total porosity.（2） Exogenous organic materials significantly improved greenhouses salinized soil,not only reduced soil total salt and EC value but also improved crop yields.（3） The dominant cation was Ca2 ＋,and the dominant anion were NO3-and SO42-.Commercial organic fertilizer,biochar and pig manure better reduced the contents of Ca2＋,NO3-and SO42-.（4） The improvement of biochar for salinization greenhouse soil was better than the other three kinds of organic materials.

关 键 词：有机物料 生物炭 次生盐渍化 大棚土壤 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]