基施氮肥对麦田冬前氨挥发损失的影响  

Effect of basal nitrogen fertilization on cornfield ammonia volatilization loss ahead of winter in-site conditions

作　　者：山楠[1,2] 毕晓庆[2] 杜连凤[2] 安志装[2] 赵丽平[2] 赵同科[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定071000 [2]北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京100097

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2013年第6期47-51,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD15B01)

摘　　要：通过田间原位测定农田氨挥发的方法,研究了京郊不同基施氮肥水平的麦田冬前土壤氨挥发情况及其时间变化规律.结果表明,麦田土壤氨挥发主要发生在施肥后1～2周内,以施肥后连续采样14 d的氨挥发累积量作为小麦冬前氨挥发总排放量,高施氮量处理的氨挥发总量大于低施氮量处理的氨挥发总量,50～400 kg·hm-2不同施肥水平下土壤的氨挥发总量（N）为1.83～14.29 kg· hm-2,占施氮量的2.04％ ～6.74％.温度回升也导致了氨挥发量小范围升高.In order to find the optimal management practices for increasing nitrogen use efficiency,the characteristics of soil ammonia volatilization （AV） in winter-wheat ahead of winter in suburb of Beijing were studied by the means of filed in site determination.Results showed that in practical production of winter-wheat which was planted on calcareous soil filed of suburb of Beijing,AV mainly happens in 1 ～ 2 weeks after fertilization.Using the AV cumulative quantity of 14 d continuous sampling after fertilization as total losses of wheat ahead of winter,AV of high nitrogen fertilization was higher than that of low fertilization within the different fertilization of N 50 ～ 400 kg · hm-2,AV was 1.83 ～ 14.29 kg · hm-2,and the AV loss rate was from 2.04％ to 6.74％.Temperature and soil moisture appreciable impact AV.

关 键 词：施氮量 冬小麦 氨挥发 潮土 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学] S512.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]