废旧镍氢电池回收再利用研究  

Recycling Technology of Spent Ni-MH Batteries

作　　者：张彬[1] 罗本福[1] 谷晋川[1] 梅自良[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华大学能源与环境学院,四川成都610039

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2014年第1期135-143,共9页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：四川省教育厅项目(12ZB137)

摘　　要：随着矿产资源的日益严峻,废旧镍氢电池的回收与再利用不仅带来巨大的环境效益,同时也带来了经济效益与社会效益。文章介绍了镍氢电池的结构,工作原理。重点综述了废旧镍氢电池的处理方法和湿法处理技术的影响因素。现有废旧镍氢电池主要处理技术有机械法、火法、湿法、生物法、正负极分开处理技术和废旧镍氢电池再生技术。湿法处理技术的影响因素主要有酸的种类、酸的浓度、浸出温度、浸出时间、液固比、搅拌强度等。对废旧镍氢电池处理技术方面的研究进行了展望。今后可加强废旧镍氢电池生物法处理技术、直接再生技术处理性能、废旧镍氢电池组合处理工艺、废旧镍氢电池处理的工业化应用及废旧镍氢电池处理方法经济效能评估等方面的研究。With the increasingly decline of mineral resource, recycling and reuse of spent Ni-MH batteries not only bring huge environmental benefits but also bring the economic benefits and social benefits. This paper introduces the structure of Ni-MH batteries and working principles. Treatment methods of spent Ni-MH batteries and the influencing factors of hydrometallurgical methods were reviewed. Current processes and technologies include mechanical method, pyrometalhirgieal method, hydrometallurgical method, biological method, positive and negative separated processing technology and regeneration technology. The influencing factors of hydrometallurgy include type of acid, acid concentration, leaching temperature, leaching time, solid-liquid ratio and stirring intensity. Finally, the research on processing technology of spent Ni-MH batteries was prospected. It was proposed that the. study of biological method, the processing performance of regeneration technology, combined treatment method, treatment methods of industrial application and economic effectiveness evaluation should be strengthened.

关 键 词：镍氢电池 处理方法 回收利用 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]