油菜受渍对产量的影响及排水指标研究  

Influence of Waterlogging on Rape Yield Components during Different Growth Stages and Study on Drainage Indexes

作　　者：杨威[1] 朱建强[1,2] 吴启侠[1] 

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]长江中游湿地农业教育部工程研究中心,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2013年第6期31-33,49,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201203032);湖北省教育厅重大项目(Z20070012)

摘　　要：利用测筒试验,研究了花期、角果期持续受渍(5、10、15、20d)对油菜产量要素的影响。结果表明,花期角果数、角果粒数、千粒质量等均随淹水历时的增加而递减,受渍10d后各处理的一次分枝角果数、角果粒数、千粒质量与对照均差异显著,而对株高和主花序长影响不大;角果期受渍5d后的各处理显著地降低了角果粒数和千粒质量,而对其他性状影响较小。若以单株实际产量相对湿害指数的37%或总相对湿害指数的124%作为选择油菜花期排水控制指标,则最长受渍时间为10d;若以单株实际产量相对湿害指数的45%和总相对湿害指数的125%作为油菜角果期排水控制指标,则最长受渍时间为10d。可见,花期比角果期更耐渍。Rape yield components were studied in four subsurface waterlogging for 5 d, 10 d, 15 d and 20 d during flowering stage and pod period. The results showed that： in flowering stage, pod numbers, pod grain numbers, 1000 seeds weight decreased with the increase of waterlogging time, and the differences of a branch effective pod number, seeds per legumen and 1000 seeds weight between CK and waterlogging time exceeding 10 d were significant, but there was a little influence on stem height and main inflorescence long; During pod period, pod numbers, 1000 seeds weight decreased obviously under treatments of sub- surface waterlogged for 5 d or more, but there was a little impact on other characterizes. When 37% of YRHI or 134% of TRHI was selected as rape drainage control index, the longest subsurface waterlogging time at flowering stage was 10 d. While 45% of YRHI or 125% of TRHI was selected as rape drainage control index, the longest subsurface waterlogging time at pod stage was 10 d. So, pod stage was more sensitive to subsurface waterlogging than the flowering stage.

关 键 词：油菜 花期 角果期 渍害 产量要素 排水指标 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学] S422