灌溉方式对寒地水稻生长和产量构成要素的影响  

Effects of Irrigation Modes on Growth and Yield Structures of Rice in Cold Area

作　　者：聂晓[1] 王毅勇[2] 刘兴土[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北文理学院,湖北襄阳441053 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130102

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2013年第6期34-37,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：长春市现代农业发展支撑计划项目(12XN38);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-Q06-03)

摘　　要：通过田间试验研究了浅水-间歇灌溉(SIT)、湿润-间歇灌溉(MIT)、传统淹灌(CSF)处理下寒地稻田的水稻生长动态和产量构成因素的变化。结果表明,SIT、MIT处理有利于形成低矮粗壮的稻杆,增强水稻的抗倒伏性;整个生育进程,水稻叶面积指数大小均表现为MIT处理>SIT处理>CSF处理,且以分蘖中后期差异最为显著;与CSF处理相比,SIT、MIT处理显著增加了收获期穗干物质量和单株有效穗数,地上部分生物量分别提高了7.0%、9.5%,实际籽实产量分别增加了8.6%、11.9%。SIT、MIT处理为解决寒地井灌稻区井水低温减产问题提供了思路。The dynamics of growth and yield structure of rice were studied in a cold paddy field of China un- der shallow water-intermittent irrigation（SIT）, moisture-intermittent irrigation（MIT） and continuous flooding irrigation（CSF）. The results showed that compared with CSF treatment, SIT and MIT treat- ments were beneficial for the formation of low and thick straw of rice, which would enhance the lodging re- sistance of rice. During the whole growth process, the leaf area indexes of rice under different irrigation treatments were in the order of MIT〉SIT〉CSF, and the difference was the most significant in the mid and late tilling stages. Compared to CSF treatment, spike dry weight and effective panicles per plant under SIT and MIT treatments significantly increased, the aboveground biomass of rice increased 7. 0% and 9.5% respectively, and the actual yields of rice were improved by 8.6% and 11.9% respectively. SIT and MIT irrigation modes provide the way to solve the problem of low production of well irrigation rice in cold region of China.

关 键 词：寒地水稻 浅水-间歇灌溉 湿润-间歇灌溉 生长动态 产量构成因素 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]