乡土树种改造豆科人工纯林对植物群落和土壤微生物学和化学属性的影响  

Effects of Introduced Native Tree Species on Plant Community Soil Microbial and Chemical Properties in Two Subtropical Degraded Leguminous Plantations in South China

作　　者：韦兰英[1,2] 申卫军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院华南植物园,广州510650 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100101

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2013年第6期24-31,53,共9页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(1070562;1290222);国家重点基础研究发展项目(2011CB403206)

摘　　要：在退化的人工林中种植乡土树种是将退化人工林恢复为多样性更高的植物群落的有效措施之一,但是此类林分改造对土壤属性的影响研究较少。以南亚热带退化的豆科树种人工林以及在退化的豆科树种人工林中种植乡土树种10a后的混交人工林为研究对象,比较两者植物群落结构、土壤微生物学属性和化学属性的差异,旨在为该区域退化人工林改造提供依据。结果表明,种植乡土树种后的林分具有较高的植物多样性。与未种植乡土树种的马占相思(Acacia mangium;AM)林相比,种植乡土树种后的马占相思林(NM)土壤微生物量碳(MBC)、基础呼吸(BR)、呼吸熵(qCO2)、土壤有机碳(TOC)和可溶性有机碳(DOC)显著下降;与未种植乡土树种的大叶相思(Acacia auriculiformis;AA)林相比,种植乡土树种的大叶相思林(NA)的土壤微生物学属性和化学属性无明显变化。种植乡土树种后,马占相思林和大叶相思林全氮(TN)和全磷(TP)无明显变化,但铵态氮和硝态氮均下降。这些结果表明,在退化的人工林中种植乡土树种对土壤微生物学和化学属性的影响取决于人工林类型,这一措施对土壤属性的影响仍需长期监测。Introducing native tree species into degraded plantations is one of the major measures used to facilitate forest succession and to restore natural ecosystems,yet its effects on soil microbial and chemical properties have not been well studied.To test its effects,we selected four plantations,two with and two without native tree species introduced（i.e.Acacia mangium[AM],Acacia auriculiformis[AA],Acacia mangium＋ native tree species[NM],biomass carbon（MBC）,basal respiration（BR）,metabolic quotation（qCO2）,total organic carbon（TOC）,and dissolved organic carbon（DOC）compared to the AM,but no significant changes of these variables were found in the NA compared to the AA.Total nitrogen（TN）and total phosphorus（TP）did not change,but NH＋4-N and NO-3-N decreased in both the NM and NA.These results indicated that introducing native tree species into degraded plantations can help restore native plant communities with more tree species diversity,but the potential positive or negative effects of introduced native tree species on soil microbial and soil chemical properties depend on plantation type.To ensure long-term sustainability,the effects of introduced native tree species in degraded A.mangium and A.Auriculiformis plantations on soil properties should be monitored.The restoration of degraded plantation to more natural plant communities is still a great challenge in this region.

关 键 词：土壤微生物属性 化学属性 人工林 南亚热带 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]