渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲地表温度时空变化特征研究  

Analysis on Spatiotemporal Changes of Land Surface Temperature in the Delta Oasis of Weigan and Kuqa River

作　　者：周梅[1,2] 张飞[1,2,3] 姜红涛[1,2] 张严峻[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]新疆大学绿洲生态教育部重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830046 [3]新疆大学智慧城市与环境建模普通高校重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2013年第6期151-157,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划青年教师科研培育项目(XJEDU2012S03)

摘　　要：采用单窗算法,利用1989年和2011年两期Landsat数据对渭干河—库车河三角洲绿洲的地表温度进行反演,并与实时陆面地表温度进行对比检验,其反演精确度分别为94.9%和95.9%。在此基础上,分析了不同时期渭干河—库车河三角洲绿洲地表温度分布格局,并将反演的地表温度划分为6个等级：低温区9.9~13.9℃,次低温区13.9~19.9℃,中温区19.9~25.9℃,次高温区25.9~31.9℃,高温区31.9~37.9℃和极高温区37.9~41.9℃。通过两期图像的反演可以得出：（1）从时间尺度上来看：1989年的温度低于2011年,比2011年多一个低温区;2011年比1989年多出高温区和极高温区两个温度段,1989年和2011年的最低温和最高温的温度差分别为5.13℃和13.51℃;（2）从空间尺度上来看,各温度区间的分布范围发生了巨大变化;（3）由于戈壁、沙漠在日照下增温比绿洲快得多,因此,绿洲的温度基本符合中心低,四周高的＂冷岛＂现象。此研究对进一步理解渭干河—库车河土壤—植被—大气系统能量交换状况具有重要意义。The mono-window algorithm and TM data were used to retrieve land surface temperature in the typical oasis of the Weigan River-Kuqa River between 1989and 2011,and the actual land surface temperature was used to verify the calibrated results.The temperature is divided into low temperature zone of 9.9~13.9℃,secondary low temperature zone of 13.9~19.9℃,medium temperature zone of 19.9~25.9℃,secondary high temperature zone of 25.9~31.9℃,high temperature zone of 31.9~37.9℃,and extremely high temperature zone of 37.9~41.9℃.The results show that：（1）on the time scales,the surface temperature of water body was the lowest and the bare land and desert had the highest temperature,the temperature is lower in 1989than 2011,there is no low temperature zone in 2011and there are no high temperature zone and extremely high temperature zone in 1989,the lowest temperature is 10.65℃in 1989,and it was 15.78℃in2011,the highest temperature is 29.30℃in 1989,and it was 41.82℃in 2011;（2）on the spatial scales,land surface temperature changes in the study area showed that the temperature had a huge changes;（3）the gobi and desert were warming far more quickly than the oasis,as a result,the temperature of the oasis was lower than the surrounding which results in a‘cold spot＇phenomenon.This is very significant in terms of further understanding of the energy exchange status of soil-plant-atmosphere system and the differences of regional heat distribution in arid and semi-arid area of the northwest China.

关 键 词：单窗算法 TM影像 热环境 时空变化 

分 类 号：S161.22[农业科学—农业气象学]