NICU痰标本来源病原体分布及耐药性分析  

Distribution and resistance of bacteria isolated from sputum in NICU

作　　者：谢建宁[1] 王兆莉[1] 颜胜[1] 戴怡蘅[1] 贾丽英[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省佛山市妇幼保健院医院感染管理科,528000

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2014年第1期110-112,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：佛山市科技局基金资助〔201008080〕

摘　　要：目的:探讨新生儿重症监护病房痰标本来源病原菌分布及药敏状况,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法:回顾医院痰标本结果,常规方法培养分离痰标本中的细菌,用MIC法测定细菌药物敏感性,使用WHONET 5.6进行分析。结果:痰标本来源分离出细菌105株,前5位菌种为肺炎克雷伯菌(30.5%),溶血葡萄球菌(20.1%),鲍曼不动杆菌(10.5%),大肠埃希菌(7.6%),表皮葡萄球菌(6.7%)。肠杆菌科细菌对青霉素类、头孢类的耐药性>75.0%,对碳青霉烯类普遍敏感。鲍曼不动杆菌对亚胺培南敏感,对哌拉西林他唑巴坦、氨苄西林舒巴坦的耐药性分别为9.1%、18.2%。溶血葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌对苯唑西林耐药率为100.0%,对万古霉素敏感。结论:NICU患儿痰标本以革兰阴性杆菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌为主,耐药率高。Objective： To determine the distribution and resistance of bacteria isolated from sputum in neonatal intensive care unit （NICU）, and provide references for rational use of antibiotics in clinic. Methods： Distribution and drug susceptibility of the pathogenic bacteria from sputum specimens were statistically analyzed from January 2010 to December 2012 in NICU. MIC test was used to detect the antimierobial sensitivity of bacterial isolates from sputum specimens. WHONETS. 6 software was applied for analysis the bacterial sensitive data. Results： There were 105 strains of pathogens, of which the first 5 isolation rate of pathogenic bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae （30. 5% ）, S. haemolTticus （20. 1% ）, A. baumannii （ 10. 5% ）, Escherichia coli （7.6%）, Staphylococcus epidermidis （6.7%） . Carbapenems were the most＇ effective antimicrobial agents against Enterobacteriaceae bacteria, Its resistance to penicillin and cephalosporin was higher than 75%. About 9.1% and 18. 2% of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were resistant to piperacillin - tazobactam and ampicillin - sulbactam. The drug - resistance rates of S. haemolyticus and Staphylococcus epidermidis for oxacillin were 100% and still sensitive to vancomycin （ 100% ） . Conclusion ： Gram - negative bacilli and coagulase negative staphylococcus was the main pathogenic bacteria in sputum in children with NICU, and the resistance is markedly high.

关 键 词：新生儿 NICU 痰培养 细菌分布 耐药性 

分 类 号：R722[医药卫生—儿科]