超临界二氧化碳中季鏻盐插层改性蒙脱土的制备  

Preparation of Quaternary Phosphonium Salt Intercalated Montmorillonite in the Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

作　　者：许琛[1] 秦舒浩[2] 姚勇[1] 于杰[1] 何敏[1] 何文涛[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学材料与冶金学院,贵州贵阳550003 [2]国家复合改性聚合物材料工程技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550014

出　　处：《塑料科技》2014年第1期64-67,共4页Plastics Science and Technology

基　　金：973计划前期研究专项(2011CB612313)

摘　　要：为改善蒙脱土(MMT)的层间结构和表面形貌,采用了几种结构不同的季鏻盐在以超临界二氧化碳(scCO2)为媒介的环境中对钠基MMT进行有机插层改性,考察了改性剂加入量、改性剂种类和共溶剂对插层效果的影响,并采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对改性前后的样品进行了分析。结果表明:十四烷基三己基氯化鏻(TTPC)的插层效果较好,当改性剂在反应温度下呈液体状态时能直接对MMT进行插层改性,且当改性剂的阳离子加入量为阳离子交换容量(CEC)的0.4倍时即能取得一定的插层效果,而加入少量共溶剂则能促进改性剂对MMT的插层。In order to improve the layers structure and the surface morphology of montmorillonite （MMT）, different quaternary phosphonium salts were used as organic intercalating cations to modify sodium MMT in the supercritical carbon dioxide （scCO2）. The effects of modification by the amount and type of modifying agent added, and the addition of co-solvent were investigated, and the samples before and after modification were characterized with X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer （FTIR） and scanning electron microscope （SEM）. The results showed that trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride （TTPC） has the better intercalation effect. Intercalated MMT can be obtained when the intercalating agent is in liquid state at the reaction temperature, and a certain intercalation effect is obtained when the amount of intercalating agent cation is 0.4 times of the cation exchange capacity （CEC）. Furthermore, the intercalation effect of intercalating agent can be promoted by adding a small quantity of co- solvent.

关 键 词：超临界二氧化碳 季鏻盐 蒙脱土 插层 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]