机械活化对PVC/木薯酒糟复合材料力学性能的影响  

Influence of Mechanical Activation Pretreatment on Mechanical Properties of PVC/Cassava Lees Composites

作　　者：覃宇奔[1] 蒋婷[1] 胡华宇[1] 张燕娟 覃杏珍[1] 郑云磊 黄祖强[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学化学化工学院,广西南宁530004 [2]广西化工研究院,广西南宁530001

出　　处：《塑料科技》2014年第1期78-82,共5页Plastics Science and Technology

基　　金：广西自然科学基金重点项目(2013GXNSFDA019004);广西大学科研基金资助项目(XJZ110619)

摘　　要：采用自制球磨机对木薯酒糟进行机械活化,在球磨预处理的同时加入铝酸酯偶联剂(ACA)对木薯酒糟进行表面改性,将处理后的酒糟与聚氯乙烯(PVC)及助剂在高速混合机中混合均匀,然后在平板硫化机中模压成型,制成PVC/酒糟复合材料。考察了木薯酒糟用量、ACA用量、机械活化时间、机械活化温度等因素对PVC/酒糟复合材料力学性能的影响,并利用红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电镜对机械活化前后的酒糟进行表征,探讨了机械活化对酒糟偶联改性的作用。结果表明:机械活化强化了木薯酒糟的偶联改性,在一定程度上提高了复合材料的力学性能。其中当PVC/酒糟/ACA=50/50/0.5、机械活化温度为80℃、活化时间为25 min时,所得PVC/酒糟复合材料的弯曲强度达到39.51 MPa,拉伸强度达到15.24 MPa。Cassava lees was pretreated by mechanical activation in a self-designed stirring ball mill, and a kind of aluminate coupling agent （ACA）, DL-411-A, was added into the ball mill for the surface modification of cassava lees at the same time. The pretreated cassava lees, polyvinyl chloride （PVC） and additives were mixed in a high-speed mixing machine, and then PVC/cassava lees composites were prepared by compression molding in a plate vulcanizing press. The effects of cassava lees content, ACA dosage, mechanical activation time and temperature on the mechanical properties of PVC/cassava lees composites were investigated. In addition, original and mechanical activation pretreated cassava lees were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, and scanning electron microscope （SEM）, illustrating the effect of mechanical activation on surface modification of cassava lees respectively. The results show that mechanical activation can strengthen the coupling modification of cassava lees, and thus improve the mechanical properties of the composites to a certain extent. When PVC/cassava lees/ACA=50/50/0.5, activation temperature is 80℃, and activation time is 25 min, the flexural strength and tensile strength of the PVC/cassava lees composite can achieve 39.51 and 15.24 MPa respectively.

关 键 词：机械活化 木薯酒糟 铝酸酯偶联剂 聚氯乙烯 

分 类 号：TQ325.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]