带弹性支承的颗粒-钢球碰撞阻尼的实验研究  

Tests for a particle-ball impact damper with elastic support

作　　者：杜妍辰[1] 刘喆[1] 李海超[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学医疗器械与食品学院,上海200093 [2]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200093

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2013年第24期56-60,共5页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51005157)

摘　　要：为提高碰撞阻尼器的减振性能,提出一种带弹性支承的颗粒碰撞阻尼器,这种新型碰撞阻尼器将弹性碰撞的动量交换机制或塑性碰撞的耗能机制有机地结合在一起。在一根悬臂梁上分别对无阻尼、碰撞阻尼、颗粒阻尼、带弹性支承的碰撞阻尼和带弹性支承的颗粒碰撞阻尼5种情况的减振效果进行了实验研究。实验结果表明:①在所有被测试阻尼器中,带弹性支承的颗粒碰撞阻尼器不仅拥有更高的振幅衰减率,而且表现出对不同频率的稳定性;②正是由于弹簧和颗粒塑性变形的双重作用,使得所提出的带弹性支承的颗粒碰撞阻尼器取得了传统的碰撞阻尼器无法实现的优异减振效果;③对于带弹性支承的颗粒碰撞阻尼器来说,存在一个最佳支承刚度。In order to improve the damping performance of a impact damper, a particle impact damper with elastic support was presented. This new kind of impact damper combined the momentum exchange in elastic impact and energy dissipation in plastic impact together. Tests for damping performances were conducted on a cantilever beam in the 5 cases of using no damper, impact damper, particle damper, impact damper with elastic support and particle impact damper with elastic support. The test results showed that （ 1 ） in all tested dampers, the particle impact damper with elastic support not only possesses the highest attenuation ratio, but also exhibits a stability for different frequencies; （2） it is the combination of spring and the plastic deformation of particles that makes the particle impact damper with elastic support exhibit better performance which cannot be achieved with traditional impact dampers ; （3） there exists an optimal stiffness of support for the particle impact damper with elastic support.

关 键 词：颗粒碰撞阻尼 塑性变形 弹性支承 振动控制 

分 类 号：O328[理学—一般力学与力学基础] TB53[理学—力学]