结构振动控制的不同直径NiTi丝力学性能试验研究  

Mechanical behavior tests of NiTi wires with different diameters for structural vibration control

作　　者：钱辉[1,2] 李静斌[1] 李宏男[2] 陈淮[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学土木工程学院,郑州450001 [2]大连理工大学建设工程学部,大连116024

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2013年第24期89-95,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51108426);中国博士后科学研究基金项目(20100471004);教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20104101120009);大连理工大学海岸和近海工程国家重点实验室研究基金(LP1017);河南省教育厅自然科学基金(2010B560016)

摘　　要：试验研究了三种直径超弹性NiTi SMA丝的力学特性,考察了循环加载次数、应变幅值、加载速率和环境温度对其力学性能(相变应力、每循环耗散能量、割线刚度、等效阻尼比和残余应变等)的影响,揭示了加卸载过程中因潜热引起的SMA丝温度的变化规律。研究表明:随着循环加载次数的增加,三种材料的马氏体相变开始应力降低、每循环耗散能量和割线刚度逐渐减小,而残余应变累计增大,但约20圈后趋于稳定。而在同等条件下,三种材料相比,直径0.5mm SMA丝阻尼耗能特性和自复位特性优于另两种材料,而直径1.2 mm和2.0 mm SMA丝的力学性能基本接近。试验结果为SMA阻尼器的设计提供了依据。Cyclic tensile tests of superelastic NiTi SMA wires with three diameters were conducted. The effects of different loading conditions including cyclic loading-unloading number, strain amplitude, loading frequency and ambient temperature on the mechanical behavior described with some fundamental quantities, such as, transformation stress, energy dissipation per cycle, secant stiffness, equivalent damping ratio and residual strain were examined. The temperature changes of SMA wires due to the latent heat under different loading conditions were analyzed. The results showed that with increase in the cyclical number, the martenside transformation start stresses of all the three specimens decrease, the energy dissipation per cycle and the secant stiffness gradually reduce, while the residual strains increase; however, all of them tend to be stable after 20 cycles ; under the same conditions, damping and re-centering properties of Φ 0.5 millimeter SMA are superior to the other two, but the mechanical behaviors of Φ1. 2 and Φ2.0 millimeter SMAs are basically close to each other. The test results provided a basis for design of SMA dampers.

关 键 词：形状记忆合金 超弹性 智能结构 振动控制 力学性能 

分 类 号：TU352[建筑科学—结构工程] P315[天文地球—地震学]