上海地区高中学生食物过敏现况调查  

Status of food allergy among high school students in Shanghai

作　　者：莫非[1] 谭玉婷[2] 王桂芳[3] 聂志妍[1] 周红[1] 胡圣尧[1] 邵洁[4] 

机构地区：[1]上海健康职业技术学院生物医药系,200237 [2]上海市肿瘤研究所流行病学研究室 [3]上海市闸北区中心医院呼吸科 [4]上海交通大学附属瑞金医院儿内科

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2013年第11期1328-1329,1332,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：上海市教育委员会和上海市教育发展基金会"晨光计划"资助(2011CGB23)

摘　　要：目的了解上海地区青少年食物过敏现状,为过敏性疾病防治与健康教育提供科学依据。方法采用自编问卷,随机整群调查上海地区6所学校高中阶段2 626名学生食物过敏的流行情况、过敏食物类别及症状特征。结果上海地区高中阶段学生食物过敏自述报告率21.13%,男、女生报告率分别为19.6%,22.0%;主要过敏食物为海产品和水果类。过敏症状均以速发型(2 h内)为主,男生组自述迟发型报告率较女生组高(P=0.023);症状特征以皮肤组织病变为首要表现,男生自述食物过敏人群呼吸道症状发生率较女生组高(P=0.014),而女生组皮肤症状发生率较高(P=0.002);食物过敏人群的其他过敏性疾病与过敏家族史的报告率均较无食物过敏人群高(P值均<0.01)。结论上海地区高中生食物过敏报告率较高。应有针对性地开展相关健康教育及营养干预研究。Objective To get epidemiologic data of food allergy in high school students in Shanghai, and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment. Methods A total of 2 626 high school students from Shanghai was surveyed by a self-designed quesmationnaire. Results About 21.13 % self-reported being with food allergy（ 19.6% for male and 22.0% for female ）. Major allergic foods were seafood and fruit. Symptoms of immediate （ within 2 hours ） occurred. The delayed-type proportion in the male group was higher than girls group（ P= 0.023 ） ; the primary performance of symptoms characteristic was on the tissue; boys crowed seemed more sensitive to respiratory symptoms than girls crowed（P = 0.014） , on the while the girls crowed seemed more sensitive to skin symptoms （P= 0.002） ; the report of other allergic diseases and family history in food allergy self-report popu- lation was higher than non-food allergy population （ P〈0.01 ）. Conclnsion The reported of food allergy is high among high school students in Shanghai. Some health educationa and nutritional interventive research should be carried out.

关 键 词：食物过敏 问卷调查 患病率 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R593[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]