流动与疏离:深圳富士康工人的都市状态  

DRIFTING AND ALIENATION:AN EXPLORATION OF THE MIGRANT WORKERS'URBANISM IN SHENZHENG'S FOXCONN CITY

作　　者：杨友仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]东海大学社会系,台中40767

出　　处：《人文地理》2013年第6期36-42,160,共8页Human Geography

基　　金：2010年专题研究计划项目(NSC-99-2410-H-029-047)

摘　　要：深圳富士康工人的生活方式,某个程度是一种"疏离都市状态",社会互动机会匮乏。本文从人文地理学角度,探索怎样的结构过程,让深圳富士康工人产生了社会疏离?强调疏离都市状态与劳动过程及其地理空间性有深层关系,多重尺度形构的打工体制,对农民工社会网络发展产生压抑,减少阶层流动机会,加上在企业尺度上的劳动控制因素之交互作用,产生高流动率的工作转换,加剧工人在异地的疏离状态。面对持续的打工城市化现象,我们主张必须朝民工市民化、雇佣关系正规化的方向,推进户籍制度、劳动政策和都市政策三个面向的改革议程。Although there have been extensive studies on Chinese urbanization, few researches focus on the migrant workers in the world factory city and contextualize their livelihoods in those neighborhoods. This paper pays attention to the new-generation migrant workers＇ way of life in Shenzheng＇s Foxconn city, understood as a relevant pattern of China＇s urbanism. Main research methods used were quantitative questionnaire analysis and qualitative in-depth interviews. Purposive sampling are used for collection of samples in field investigations conducted in July 2010, March 2011 and July 2011, each took around two weeks. 316 ques- tionnaires were issued nearby Foxconn＇s plant in Shenzhen. Based on the first-hand survey data and in-depth interviews, we find evidence of ＂social alienation＂ is very common to these workers＇ urban experience. Furthermore, we argue that the interplay of hukou system, urban policy, Foxconn＇s enterprise strategies and labor control politics contributes to such alienated urbanism. Besides, there is not much opportunities for technique learning at the Pugong＇s（普工） work unit. On the production lines they are faced with base-level management＇s supervisory pressure as well as manipulation of workplace politics that strive for productivity. Off work, Pugong is the wanderer in the city without much chance for social interaction. Moreover, the workers are coping with huge disadvantages in regards of economic and hukou system if they wanted to settle in Shenzhen. Most Pugong would not settle and get married in Shenzhen, their family status is most often ＂split household＂ in two different places. Finally, this study highlights the multi-scalar institutional barriers that squeeze the development of migrant workers＇ social networks and calls on an institutional reform.

关 键 词：疏离都市状态 社会网络 打工体制 劳动控制 

分 类 号：C912.8[经济管理]