基于认知处理和逻辑规则的语义演变  

Semantic evolutions from the perspectives of cognitive processing and logic entailment

作　　者：张秀松[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学文学院

出　　处：《中国语文》2014年第1期61-74,96,共14页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大研究项目"汉语历史语义演变的专题研究"(2009JJD740014);江苏省社科基金青年项目"跨语(方)言视角下语气副词的语法化研究"(12YYC016);江苏省优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)的资助

摘　　要：本文在坚持语义构建论的基础上,从认知处理和逻辑运算的角度探讨词语的规则多义性和其语义演变、短语或跨层组合的词汇化、实词的语法化、否定羡余结构的出现,从而为这些现象提供统一的理论解释。文章认为,基于[前景-背景]倒置、识解精细度变化等认知处理和逻辑运算而形成的限定与排除的伴随关系、蕴涵定义律、限定算子与全称量词转换律、"总括-限定"之对立与转折关系的等价性、蕴涵式对存在量化的单向蕴涵,是上述现象得以形成的认知-逻辑机制。Based on the theory of semanticconstructionism,this paper attempts to systematically explain the regular polysemy and the semantic evolution of linguistic expressions,the lexicalization of phrases or other syntactic combinations,the grammaticalization of content words and the emergence of redundant negative constructions in views of cognitive processing and logic entailment.It suggests that the concomitancy of restriction and exclusion,the entailment law,the conversion between restrictive operator and universal quantifier,the equipollence of restriction and adversative relations,and the unidirectional implication of the existential quantification,which are all realized through the process of ' figure-ground' inversion and the change of construal specification,are the underlying logic mechanism of the phenomena aforementioned.

关 键 词：逻辑推演 规则多义性 限定 排除 总括 转折 蕴涵 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]