过氯酸铵对作业工人健康的影响  

Health effect of ammonium perchlorate

作　　者：陈红霞[1,2] 韦作洪 刘琴[1] 丁淼鸿[1] 吕新明 黄蓉[1] 陈小妹[1] 彭开良[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院,湖北武汉430030 [2]湖北医药学院附属太和医院生物医学研究所,湖北十堰442000 [3]湖北五二五投资有限公司医院,湖北宜城441404

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2014年第1期1-6,共6页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30972452)

摘　　要：目的了解过氯酸铵(AP)职业性危害对作业工人健康的影响,为制定预防措施提供依据。方法选择该厂接触AP的51名作业工人为接触组,不接触AP的41人为对照组。调查工厂的一般情况,检测作业场所中的AP浓度,对两组人群进行健康检查,检测血常规、肝肾功能、甲状腺激素、尿碘含量,进行肺通气功能检查。结果各车间空气中AP浓度均较低。两组人群血压比较,接触组舒张压低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);接触组工人气短症状的检出率(9.80%)高于对照组(0),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);接触组工人尿素氮(BUN)(5.27U/L)高于对照组(4.30U/L),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但二者均在正常范围内而无临床意义;接触组的总甲状腺素(TT4)(65.61ng/ml)水平低于对照组(81.88ng/ml),促甲状腺素(TSH)(3.75mU/L)水平高于对照组(2.68mU/L),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);接触组血清中游离甲状腺素(FT4)(11.67pmol/L)水平低于对照组(13.14pmol/L),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论接触组工人的血清中FT4、TT4水平降低及TSH比对照组升高,可能是接触AP所致。提示,长期接触AP可能会对作业工人甲状腺功能造成影响。Objective To observe the health impact of ammonium perchlorate（AP）, so as to provide the scientific criteria for the development of preventive measures. Methods Fifty-one workers exposed to AP dust were selected as the exposed group; forty-one AP unexposed workers were selected as the control group. The general situation was investigated, Concentrations of AP in the workplaces were detected. Physical examinations for both groups were conducted. Routine blood tests, liver and kidney functions, thyroid hormones, urinary iodine contents, as well as the pulmonary ventilation functions were determined. Results The AP concentrations of various workshops were rather low. The diastolic blood pressure of the exposed group was lower than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant（Pal0.05）. The incidence of breath shortness in the exposed group（9.80%）was higher than that of the control group（0） the difference was statistically significance（P〉0.05）. The concentration of urea nitrogen（BUN）（5.27 U/L） in the exposed group was higher than that of the control group（4.30 U/L）, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）; however, both were within the normal range without clinical significance. TT4 level （65.61ng/ml）in the exposed group was lower than that of the control group（81.88 ng/ml）, as well as TSH （3.75mIU/L） higher than that of the control group （2.68mlU/L）, both differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The serum FT4 level（ll. 67fmol/ml）in the exposed group was lower than that of the control group （13.14fmol/ml）, but the difference was not statistically significant （ P 〈0.05 ）. Conclusions The serum FT4 and TT4 levels are lower, and TSH level is higher in the exposed group thanthose of the control group, which might be due to AP exposure. It suggests that long-term exposure to AFmight affect the thyroid function.

关 键 词：过氯酸铵 甲状腺功能 作业工人 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]