土壤改良剂对冷浸田水稻根系活力及产量的影响  

Effect of Different Soil Amendments on Root Activity and Yield of Rice in Cold Spring Paddy Soils

作　　者：董稳军[1,2] 郑华平[1,3] 黄旭[2] 解开治[2] 徐培智[1,2] 张仁陟[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,兰州730070 [2]广东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,广州510640 [3]甘肃省科学技术厅,兰州730030

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2013年第36期182-187,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项"江南地区冷浸田治理技术研究与示范"(201003059);广东省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项"水稻产业体系"(粤财教〔2009〕356号)

摘　　要：为了解决冷浸田水稻根系生长缓慢及早衰的问题,在明沟排水措施的基础上,研究施用不同土壤改良剂(自研的脱硫灰改良剂、生物活性炭,市售的土壤改良剂石灰、硅钙肥、腐植酸)对水稻根系活力、生物量、根冠比、伤流液中氮、磷、钾输出强度及产量的影响。结果表明:除石灰处理外,其余各土壤改良剂处理均能提高水稻伤流强度、根冠比和生物量,增加伤流液中氮、磷、钾的输出强度,并达到显著性差异水平(P<0.05)。其中脱硫灰改良剂和生物活性炭处理对伤流强度促进作用最为显著,在灌浆期分别较CK处理磷输出强度升高29.60%和19.70%,在分蘖中期脱硫灰改良剂处理根冠比较CK提高31.6%。不同土壤改良剂的施用有利于提升冷浸田水稻的产量,且随着改良剂施用时间的推进,其增产效果有逐年增加的趋势。就冷浸田改良而言,生物活性炭和脱硫灰改良剂的改良效果最佳。In order to solve the problem of rice root slow growth and root premature decay in late stage. On the basis of the open ditch drainage, experiment was conducted to study the effects of different soil amendments （self-developed desulphurization ash amendment, biomass charcoal, lime, silico-calcium fertilizer, humic acid） on root activity, biomass, root shoot ratio, the flux of N, P, K in bleeding sap and rice yield in south typical cold spring paddy soils. The results showed that, treatments with amendments, except for lime, significantly increased the intensity of bleeding sap, root shoot ratio, biomass and enhanced the flux of N, P, K in bleeding sap. Treatments with desulphurization amendment and biomass charcoal increased the intensity of bleeding sap most. Compared with CK, the flux of P in bleeding sap increased by 29.60% and 19.70% respectively during filling stage. The root shoot ratio of treatment with desulphurization ash increased by 31.6% compared to CK at mid-tillering stage. Different soil amendments could improve rice yield of cold waterlogged paddy field. Besides, the effect of yield increase would increase with the application of amendments. To sum up, amendments of desulphurization ash amendment and biomass charcoal could be the optimal choice for cold waterlogged paddy field.

关 键 词：冷浸田 土壤改良剂 伤流强度 根冠比 生物量 产量 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]