半导体热电装置的热力学研究进展  

Progress in Thermodynamic Studies for Semiconductor Thermoelectric Devices

作　　者：陈林根[1,2,3] 孟凡凯[1,2,3] 戈延林[1,2,3] 孙丰瑞[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学热科学与动力工程研究室,武汉430033 [2]海军工程大学舰船动力工程军队重点实验室,武汉430033 [3]海军工程大学动力工程学院,武汉430033

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2013年第24期144-154,共11页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划;2012CB720405);国家自然科学基金(11305266);海军工程大学自然科学基金(HGDYDJJ12002)资助项目

摘　　要：热电效应是由温度梯度直接获得电能的方式中能量转换效率最高的方式,与太阳能光伏发电技术、燃料电池并称为21世纪三大最具潜力的能源技术。基于热电效应的发电、制冷和供热装置固态、环保、可靠、寿命长、易维护,易于实现小型化和集成化,在航天、交通工具、工业、余热回收、电子制冷等领域,与常规能源装置相比独具优势。介绍半导体热电装置的工作原理、结构特点及应用领域,从非平衡热力学和有限时间热力学两个方面对热电发电机、热电制冷机和热电热泵的热力学研究现状做了全面回顾,重点对其有限时间热力学研究成果做了系统总结,展望热电发电装置热源的开发、多级热电装置、联合热电装置、热电装置的传热强化等热电装置将来的主要发展方向。Thermoelectric effect is the most efficient way to convert electricity energy directly from the temperature gradient, and the three most promising energy technologies in the 21 st century with solar photovoltaic technology and fuel cells. Thermoelectric effect based power generation, cooling and heating devices are solid state, environmentally friendly, reliablee, long life, easy to maintain, easy to achieve miniaturization and integration. So they have unparalleled advantages in the aerospace, vehicle industrial, waste heat recovery, electronic cooling and other fields comparing with conventional energy devices. The working principle, construction characteristics, and application fields of thermoelectric devices are introduced. The thermodynamic studies for thermoelectric generators, thermoelectric refrigerators and thermoelectric heat pumps are reviewed from non-equilibrium thermodynamics and finite time thermodynamics two aspects. The research based on finite time thermodynamics is summarized systematically. The developing directions of thermoelectric devices in the future such as the development of thermoelectric generators heat source, multi-stage thermoelectric devices, combined thermoelectric devices, thermoelectric device heat transfer enhancement are previewed.

关 键 词：有限时间热力学 热电发电机 热电制冷机 热电热泵 

分 类 号：TG12[金属学及工艺—金属学]