基于频谱和相干分析的挖掘机噪声识别与控制  

Noise Identify and Control in Excavator Based on Frequency Spectral Analysis and Coherence Analysis

作　　者：胡成太 高云凯[3] 刘爽[3] 冯海星[3] 

机构地区：[1]长安汽车工程研究总院,重庆401120 [2]汽车噪声振动和安全技术国家重点实验室重庆,401120 [3]同济大学汽车学院上海,201804

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2013年第6期1032-1038,1097,共7页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：上海汽车工业科技发展基金资助项目(1011)

摘　　要：研究了商用挖掘机驾驶室内部噪声的产生机理及传播途径。基于噪声水平评价试验和空气噪声源试验识别主要的空气噪声源,利用频谱分析获取驾驶室内、外噪声的成因及主要工作系统的噪声特性,并采用相干分析中的偏相干法对关键峰值频率下的空气噪声源进行贡献排序,找到主要贡献因子。结果表明:该挖掘机噪声水平符合噪声限值标准,且主要空气噪声源为发动机系统的噪声;驾驶室内部噪声在低频范围内主要为结构-声传递的振动噪声,高频范围主要为空气-声传递的空气噪声;经偏相干排除干扰频率后的分析可知,驾驶室内部主要空气噪声源为发动机前部、进气系统和液压泵系统的噪声,进而验证了噪声传播机理的正确性。The mechanism and transmission path of noise in a commercial excavator are studied.In order to identify the airborne noise source,the causes of interior and exterior noise of cabin and the acoustic property of noise produced by main working system are obtained by frequency spectral analysis based on noise level evaluation test and airborne noise source identification test,the airborne noise sources at key peak frequencies are sorted by coherence analysis method of partial coherence.The results show that noise level meets the standard of noise limits and main airborne noise is produced by engine system.The structureborne noise takes effect in low frequency range and reversely high frequency noise is mainly made by airborne noise inside cabin,based on partial coherence analysis after excluding interference compositions,it is found that interior main airborne noise of cabin are produced by front of engine,engine intake system and hydraulic pump system,thus the correctness of noise propagation is validated.

关 键 词：挖掘机 噪声 频谱分析 偏相干分析 贡献因子 

分 类 号：U415.511[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] TB533.2[理学—物理]