年龄对嗅觉中枢功能影响的磁共振成像研究  

Effect of aging on olfaction center function： a magnetic resonance imaging study

作　　者：梁莺[1] 黄魏宁[1] 陈敏[2] 周妮娜[2] 龚霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]卫生部北京医院耳鼻咽喉科,100730 [2]卫生部北京医院放射科,100730

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2014年第1期39-43,共5页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

摘　　要：目的应用功能性磁共振成像（BOLDfMRI）技术，观察和研究健康青年人和老年人嗅觉中枢的功能定位及其fMRI特征，以此评价年龄对嗅觉中枢的定位、范围及激活强度的影响。方法13例健康成年志愿者，青年志愿者8例，年龄为20～28岁，男女比例为5：3，老年志愿者5例，年龄62～74岁，男女比例为2：3。刺激模式采用组块设计，以十一烷内酯作为嗅觉刺激剂，两组均采用荷兰Philips公司3．0T的MRI仪器，采集脑部的BOLE—fMRI数据，然后用SPM2软件对数据进行统计学分析，得到脑功能活动图像。结果青年组和老年组嗅觉激活区域主要为右侧海马旁回、左侧海马沟和双侧颞上回等，皮质下激活区有右侧丘脑、脑桥背侧部，小脑激活区主要集中在小脑蚓部，而右侧额下回、右侧额中回、右侧枕颞内侧回、右侧海马伞激活仅见于青年组，双侧颞中回激活仅见于老年组。老年组激活区域大小较青年组减小，老年组激活强度较青年组减弱。激活强度男性较女性激活区对应的脑区（右侧顶上小叶、左侧颞上回、右侧颞上回）增强（t值分别为13．7、6．08、5．36，均P〈0．001）。结论老年人嗅觉中枢激活较青年人减弱，且激活区部分缺失，提示老年人嗅觉中枢功能减退；嗅觉中枢激活有右侧优势偏向，部分激活区男性较女性激活增强。Objective To investigate the localization, zone and activation intensity of olfactory center in young versus elderly healthy volunteers by functional magnetic resonance imaging （BOLD- fMRI）, so as to elucidate the effect of age on olfactory center in healthy population. Methods Thirteen right-handed healthy adult volunteers were recruited and divided into two groups： young group （5 males and 3 females, mean aged 23 years） and elderly group （2 males and 3 females, mean aged 69.2 years）. The olfactory stimulus was r-undecalaetone, and it was given according to a block design. The fMRI detection was performed on Philips Aehieva 3.0 T MR scanner,and data of BOLE- fMRI was processed and analyzed to get cerebration image by using SPM2. Results In group- averaged maps, both young and elderly group showed significant olfactory activation in right parahippocampal gyrus, left hippocampal sulcus, right and left superior temporal gyrus, etc, subcortical activation in right thalamus, dorsal pons, and cerebellum activation in cerebellar vermis. Activations in right inferior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, right medial oeeipito-temporal gyrus and right fimbria of hippocampus were observed only in young group, while activation in bilateral middle temporal gyrus was observed only in elderly group. Activation area was apparently smaller and activation degree was lower in elderly group than in young group. Activation intensity in right superior parietal lobule and bilateral superior temporal gyri was higher in male group than in female group （t= 13.7, 6.08, 5.36, respectively, all P〈0. 001）. Conclusions The intensity of activation in olfactory center is lower in the elderly than in the young, and absence of part of the active regions is found in the elderly, which demonstrates the regression of olfactory center in the elderly. The olfactory center shows right-predominant activation, and olfactory activation intensity in some cortical regions is higher in males than in females.

关 键 词：磁共振成像 嗅觉 

分 类 号：R445.2[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]