黄麻纤维基炭纤维的制备  

Fabrication of carbon fibers from jute fibers by pre-oxidation and carbonization

作　　者：武恒[1,2] 范尚武[1,2] 袁晓雯[1,3] 成来飞[2] 邓娟丽[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室,陕西西安710072 [2]西北工业大学超高温结构复合材料重点实验室,陕西西安710072 [3]新加坡科技局

出　　处：《新型炭材料》2013年第6期448-453,共6页New Carbon Materials

基　　金：financially supported by Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) Foundation for Fundamental Research (NPU-FFR-JC20110243);an open project of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing (SKLSP201201) at NPU;partially funded by the project "111"(B08040)

摘　　要：黄麻纤维经预氧化和炭化后制备出低成本炭纤维。采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)研究黄麻纤维在空气和氩气中的热行为。采用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、元素分析仪、X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究预氧化过程中黄麻纤维的化学结构和晶体结构,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究黄麻纤维的形貌变化。最佳的预氧化温度范围为250~340℃。在250℃黄麻纤维发生显著的氧化反应,CO官能团强度也达到最大值。同时,纤维素晶态结构消失并出现一新的环化结构。随着温度由250℃升高到340℃,CO官能团强度逐渐减弱而环化结构逐步发展。黄麻纤维基碳纤维(JBCFs)的拉伸强度与环化结构的特征峰值成正比,与CO官能团强度无关。黄麻纤维基碳纤维(JBCFs)的最大拉伸强度达到(200.4±41.0)MPa。Low-cost jute-based carbon fibers were fabricated by pre-oxidation and carbonization. The chemical, morphological and crystal structure of the jute fibers during pre-oxidation were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that the optimum pre- oxidation temperature range is from 250 to 340 ~C. At 250 ~C, significant oxidation occurs, the amoum of C^O functional groups reaches a maximum, the typical ceUulose crystal structure disappears and a new aromatic structure appears. The C^O functional groups are gradually lost while an aromatic structure steadily develops with a further increase of temperature from 250 to 340 C. The tensile strength of the jute-based carbon fibers increases with increasing amount of the aromatic structure during pre-oxidation, rather than that of C：O groups. The highest tensile strength of the carbon fibers is （200. 4＋41.0） MPa.

关 键 词：黄麻 炭纤维 预氧化 

分 类 号：TQ342.742[化学工程—化纤工业]