AMSU-A温度反演及其对南海热带低压暖心的分析  

TEMPERATURE RETRIEVED FROM AMSU-A AND ITS ANALYSIS FOR WARM-CORE OF TROPICAL DEPRESSION IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA

作　　者：袁金南[1] 蒙伟光[1] 张艳霞[1] 蒋德海[1] 李春晖[1] 毛伟康[1] 黄辉军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所,广东广州510080

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2013年第6期889-898,共10页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40875026;91015011);广东省自然科学基金团队项目(8351030101000002);气象行业专项(GYHY201106036)共同资助

摘　　要：采用NOAA极轨卫星先进微波探测器AMSU-AL1B的观测资料，经过卫星天线模式校正和临边调整，再用线性回归及水平方向上逐步订正法得到水平分辨率为0．5°×0．5°、垂直方向1000～0．1hPa共40层的反演温度资料。通过个例分析发现，反演的温度资料可以揭示热带气旋暖心的细致结构。然后，选取了由中高层向下（“自上而下”）发展而来的发展和不发展的南海热带低压，对这些热带低压暖心结构的演变进行对比分析。结果表明：由中高层向下发展而来的南海热带低压都有暖心结构从中高层向下发展到近海面的过程；发展的南海热带低压在暖心向下发展到近海面时，高层暖心突然增强，使得热带低压的暖心在高层和低层同时出现显著增强；而不发展的南海热带低压的暖心结构并没有出现这种现象。因此，通过监测热带低压暖心结构的变化，可能对判别热带低压是否发展有一定帮助。Employing the observational data of AMSU-A L1B of NOAA polar orbit satellite and after satellite antenna pattern correction and limb adjustment, this work retrieves 40 vertical layers （from 1 000 hPa to 0.1 hPa） of atmospheric temperatures with0.5°×0.5° horizontal resolution, with the methods of linear regression and successive horizontal correction. It is found through case study that the retrieved data of temperature can reveal the fine structure of tropical cyclone warm-core. Both the non-developing and developing tropical depressions（TDs） in the South China Sea, which developed downward from the middle and upper level to the lower level, are chosen. Besides, comparative analyses of the evolutions of those TDs＇ warm-core structures are performed. The results show that for the TDs developing downwards from the middle and upper level their warm-cores all develop downward from the middle and upper level to levels near the sea surface. When the warm-cores of developing TDs get to the level near the sea surface, their upper levels intensify abruptly, making them intensified significantly both in the high and low levels at the same time. In contrast, the warm-core structures of non-developing TDs in the South China Sea do not exhibit such phenomenon. It may then helps to some extent to judge whether a TD can develop by monitoring the change in its warm-core structure.

关 键 词：天气学 暖心结构 AMSU-A温度反演 南海热带低压 对比分析 

分 类 号：P423[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]