云微物理过程影响登陆台风结构及降水的数值试验  

SENSITIVITY OF LANDFALLING TYPHOON STRUCTURE AND PRECIPITATION TO VARYING CLOUD MICROPHYSICAL PROCESSES

作　　者：花丛 刘奇俊 

机构地区：[1]国家气象中心,北京100081

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2013年第6期924-934,共11页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家973计划项目"台风登陆前后异常变化及机理研究"(2009CB421500)资助

摘　　要：选取2007年16号台风"罗莎"为个例,利用耦合双参数混合相云降水物理方案的GRAPES中尺度模式对其进行模拟,并设计一系列敏感性试验,以了解云微物理过程对登陆台风结构及降水的影响。试验结果显示,在该个例中云微物理过程及潜热的改变对台风路径有影响。在不同的微物理过程作用下,台风云系结构有明显差异。霰粒子在维持地面降水和螺旋雨带强度方面的作用明显。分析发现,潜热过程通过对动力场的反馈可以明显改变云中水凝物的含量和分布,从而对地面降水产生影响。Typhoon KROSA in 2007 is simulated using GRAPES, a mesoscale numerical model, in which a two-parameter mixed-phase microphysics scheme is implanted. A series of numerical experiments are designed to test the sensitivity of landfalling typhoon structure and precipitation to varying cloud microphysics and latent heat release. It is found that typhoon track is sensitive to different microphysical processes and latent heat release. The cloud structures of simulated cyclones can be quite different with that of varying microphysical processes. Graupel particles play an important role in the formation of local heavy rainfall and the maintenance of spiral rainbands. Analysis reveals that the feedback of latent heat to dynamic fields can significantly change the content and distribution of cloud hydrometeors, thus having an impact on surface precipitation.

关 键 词：天气学 云微物理 GRAPES模式 登陆台风 潜热 

分 类 号：P435[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]