门诊支气管哮喘患者控制现状的调查分析  

Assessment of asthma control in asthmatic outpatients

作　　者：马婷[1] 刘彦良[1] 甘玉英[1] 崔学范[1] 黄茂[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学第一附属医院呼吸内科,210029

出　　处：《中华哮喘杂志（电子版）》2013年第6期1-4,共4页Chinese Journal of Asthma(Electronic Version)

摘　　要：目的了解江苏省人民医院呼吸内科门诊就诊的支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）患者疾病控制情况。方法采取医师与患者面对面的问卷形式对我院2013年1月至4月门诊哮喘患者进行调查。结果共完成问卷100份，男女比例1：1，平均年龄（49．5±15．O）岁，哮喘病程为0．25～60年，哮喘患者主要症状：发作性喘息78例（78．0％）、胸闷63例（63．0％）、咳嗽58例（58．o％）。经常有感冒症状患者36例（36．0％），最近4周出现哮喘症状患者62例（62．0％），近三个月出现哮喘急性发作患者51例（51．0％），来本院就诊的前1年内曾因哮喘急性发作或加重急诊室就诊的患者17例（17．0％），曾因病情加重住院治疗15例（15．0％）。初中及以上文化程度者89例（89．0％），家庭年收入7万元以上者45例（45．9％），享有各种社会保障的患者87例（87．0％）。在职患者64例其中有19例（29．7％）曾因哮喘请假误工，学生6例其中有2例（33．3％）因哮喘影响正常上学。哮喘控制测试评分平均（18．3±4．1）分，6例（6．o％）为完全控制，35例（35．0％）为良好控制，59例（59．0％）为未控制。79例（79．0％）就诊前4周内使用吸人性糖皮质激素控制哮喘。结论我院哮喘患者的控制水平较之前亚太地区以及国内调查结果有所改善，治疗依从性有所提高；为提高哮喘控制水平，专科医生需注意哮喘患者咳嗽症状的控制，且需教导患者避免感冒；患者教育程度、家庭年收入的提高和完善社会保障制度将有助于提高哮喘控制率。Objective To investigate asthma control status in asthmatic outpatients of Jiangsu Province Hospital. Methods A questionnaire survey in a face-to-face setting was performed from January 2013 to April 2013 in asthmatic outpatients. Results A total of 100 patients completed the questionnaire with a ratio of male to female of 1 = 1 ,an average age of （49.5-15.0）years old and disease duration from 0.25 to 60 years. 78.0%,63.0% and 58.0% of these patients was with wheezing, chest distress and cough as the main symptom, respectively, and 36.0% of them often caught cold. 51.0~ had asthma exacerbation over the past three months,and 62.0~ had symptoms of asthma during the last four weeks. 17.0~ had required emergency room treatment and 15.0~ were in hospital because of asthma exacerbation during the past year. 89.0%0 graduated from junior high school, senior high school or colleges,and 45.9% had an annual household income over 70 000 yuan. The percentage of asthmatic patients who had various social insurance was 87.0%. Absence from work and school in the past year was reported by 29.7% of adults and 33.3% of children. The average score was 18.3＋4.1 by asthma control test （ACT）, including 6.0%,35.0% and 59.0% of asthmatic patients achieved completed control, well control and uncontrol,respectively. 79.0% of them had used inhaled corticosteroids during the last four weeks. Conclusions The asthma control levels have been definitely improved compared to the previous surveys in the Asia-Pacific region including China's Mainland,and the levels of compliance of treatment in asthmatic patients have also been improved; To improve the level of asthma control, specialists need to focus on the control of cough and tell patients to avoid cold,Improvement of education, family income andthe social security system will help to improve the levels of asthma control.

关 键 词：支气管哮喘 控制 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R562.25[医药卫生—呼吸系统]