千岛湖陆桥岛屿植物群落结构的边缘效应  

Edge effect of the plant community structure on land-bridge islands in the Thousand Island Lake

作　　者：苏晓飞[1] 袁金凤[1] 胡广[1] 徐高福[2] 于明坚[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生命科学学院濒危动植物保护生物学教育部重点实验室,杭州310058 [2]淳安县新安江开发总公司,浙江淳安311700

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2014年第1期77-84,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金重点项目(Z5100053);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助

摘　　要：选取千岛湖29个岛屿建立长期监测样地，研究从森林边缘到林内的木本植物物种丰富度、Shannon指数，以及植株密度、平均株高和平均胸径等群落特征的变化，探讨森林边缘效应的作用．结果表明：研究区物种丰富度和Shannon指数受边缘效应的影响深度超过50m，平均株高的影响深度波及到林内20～30m，而植株密度和平均胸径的影响深度在林内10m．不同边缘梯度间的群落特征差异显著，物种丰富度和Shannon指数随距离梯度增大呈单峰型变化，而植株密度和平均株高沿边缘梯度呈增大趋势，平均胸径则呈减小趋势．5项群落特征与边缘梯度均有显著相关性．不同植物功能群（常绿／落叶种，乔木／灌木种，耐阴／不耐阴种）受边缘效应的影响程度不同．边缘效应对千岛湖片段化森林中不同群落特征和不同植物功能群的作用强度有所差异．The research was conducted on 29 land-bridge islands in the Thousand Island Lake （TIL）, where long-term monitoring plots were set up during 2009-2010. The community attributes including species richness, Shannon index, plant mean height, plant mean diameter at breast height （DBH） and plant density along the edge-interior gradient from edge to interior forest were calculated to investigate the edge effect. The results showed that the species richness and Shannon index were affected through the whole gradient （larger than 50 m） , while the range of edge effect was 20-30 m on mean plant height, and 10 m on plant density and mean DBH. Community attri- butes differed significantly among the edge gradients. The species richness and Shannon index peaked at the intermediate edge gradient. Plant density decreased and plant mean height increased along the edge to interior gradient. All five community attributes were significantly associated with the edge gradient, also different functional groups, evergreen or deciduous species, trees or shrubs, shade tolerant or shade intolerant species, were differentially influenced by the edge effect. It was demonstrated the influence of edge effect on the fragmented forest community varied with attributes and functional groups.

关 键 词：边缘效应 木本植物 生境片段化群落结构 功能群 千岛湖 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]