2007—2011年山东省地方性氟中毒重点监测结果分析  

Statistical analysis of data from monitoring and surveillance systems on endemic fluorosis from 2007 - 2011 in Shandong Province

作　　者：陈培忠[1] 云中杰[1] 李亨祥[1] 翟丽屏[1] 王玉涛[1] 高红旭[1] 高杰[1] 尹玉岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省地方病防治研究所地氟病与大骨节病防治科,济南250014

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2014年第1期56-59,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：卫生部疾病控制局委托项目（2007）;山东省医药卫生科技发展计划（2013WS0175）

摘　　要：目的了解山东省地方性氟中毒（地氟病）病区改水降氟工程水氟含量及病区重点监测村居民饮水氟含量和病情现状，观察落实防治措施产生的预防效果。方法按《山东省地方性氟中毒重点监测方案》的要求，于2007—2011年在山东省高密市、博兴县、嘉祥县、郓城县、梁山县分别抽取100处改水工程（不足100处时全部抽取），检查改水工程水氟含量。同时，在上述县（市）各抽2～3个重病村作为监测点，检测居民饮水氟含量和各村全部8—12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况及部分儿童尿氟含量。水、尿氟检测采用离子选择性电极法，氟斑牙诊断采用Dean法。结果2007—2011年，在5个县（市）共检测改水工程水氟含量1833处，水氟总超标率（〉1．0mg/L）为42．50％（779／1833），水氟最大值为6．27mg／L。2007—2011年，重点监测村居民饮水氟含量分别是（2．57±1．78）、（2．53±1．64）、（2．11±1．29）、（2．03±1．33）、（1．96±1．66）mg／L，各年间水氟超标率比较差异无统计学意义（x2=3．09，P〉0．05）。8—12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率分别为86．17％（760／882）、84．31％（473／561）、79．70％（534／670）、80．14％（549／685）、72．48％（432／596），各年间检出率比较差异有统计学意义（x2=48．39，P〈0．01）；氟斑牙指数分别是1．94、1．88、1．66、1．56、1．48；儿童尿氟几何均数均超过群体正常上限值（1．40mg／L），分别为3．14、3．67、2．18、3．04、2．45mg/L，平均为2．85mg／L。结论监测县（市）降氟改水工程水氟超标仍较严重，儿童氟斑牙检出率虽有下降，但儿童尿氟水平各年度均超过正常上限。地氟病尚未得到完全控制，应继续强化降氟改水防控措施。Objective To investigate the present situation of water-improving projects and water fluoride level as well as the prevalence of endemic fluorosis in five monitored counties of Shandong Province from 2007 to 2011, and to observe the effectiveness of prevention and control measures. Methods In 2007 - 2011, according to ＂Shandong Province Key-point＇ Survey Scheme of Endemic Fluorosis＂, water fluoride content of 100 water- improving projects （all were selected if less than 100 projects） was determined in Gaomi City and Boxing, Jiaxiang, Yuncheng and Liangshan Counties of Shandong Province; 3 - 5 key-point monitoring villages were selected in the endemic fluorosis villages of the five monitoring counties （cities）, fluoride concentration of household water samples was determined; prevalence of dental fluorosis and urinary fluoride concentration of children aged 8 - 12 of all key- point monitoring villages were investigated. The water and urinary fluoride contents were determined using fluoride ion-selective electrode. Dental fluorosis of children was diagnosed by Deans method. Results In 2007 - 2011, the water fluoride level of 1 833 water-improving projects was investigated in five monitoring counties （cities）, and the total exceeded rate over the national standard（ 〉 1.0 mg/L） was 42.50%（779/1 833） and the highest value of water fluoride was 6.27 mg/L. Mean values of household water fluoride in the key-point monitoring villages in 2007 - 2011 were （2.57 ± 1.78）, （2.53 ± 1.64）, （2.11 ± 1.29）, （2.03 ± 1.33） and （1.96 ± 1.66） mg/L,respectively. The exceeded rate was not significantly different between each year（x2 =-3.09, P 〉 0.05）, In 2007 - 2011, the detection rates of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 - 12 were 86.17% （760/882）, 84.31% （473/561）, 79.70% （534/670）, 80.14% （549/685） and 72.48% （432/596）, respectively; the detection rate of dental fluorosis was significantly different between each year（x2 = 48.39, P 〈 0.01）, and dent

关 键 词：饮水 氟化物中毒 监测 数据收集 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]