摄食紫菜粉等4种单一饵料的蚤状溞脂肪酸组成的比较  

Comparisons of fatty acid composition in Daphnia pulex fed with porphyra powder and 3 others

作　　者：刘飞[1] 徐善良[1,2] 王丹丽[1] 周伟[1] 程亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]宁波大学应用海洋生物技术教育部重点实验室,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《应用海洋学学报》2014年第1期90-95,共6页Journal of Applied Oceanography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31172043);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LY12C19003);宁波市重大攻关项目资助项目(2012C10020)

摘　　要：用GC/MS法分析比较了紫菜粉、小球藻、酵母、Banta液(牛粪1.5g+干稻草2g+沃土20g+水1 000 cm3)4种食物条件下蚤状溞的脂肪酸组成.结果表明:4种食物培养下,蚤状溞的总脂含量依次为39.80、60.10、44.60、52.30mg/g.一共检测出脂肪酸14种,其中8种饱和脂肪酸(SFA),2种单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA),4种多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA).紫菜粉培养组与小球藻组PUFA含量显著高于酵母组和Banta液组(p<0.05),占总脂肪酸的1/3以上,酵母组MUFA质量分数最高(p<0.05),达55.73%,Banta液组以SFA质量分数最高(p<0.05),为52.45%.其中紫菜粉组的PUFA中缺乏C18:3,但C20:5(EPA)和C20:4(AA)质量分数高达22.67%和9.02%是小球藻组的1.6倍和4.5倍(p<0.05),而且EPA和AA的实际含量也显著高于小球藻组(p<0.05),达到9.02 mg/g和3.59mg/g;比较得出,紫菜粉培养组的20碳以上必需不饱和脂肪酸含量丰富,明显高于其他3组.本实验证实蚤状溞的脂肪酸组成与食物脂肪酸成正相关.分析认为,用紫菜粉培养枝角类用于海水育苗会取得更佳的营养效果.The compositions of fatty acids of water flea Daphnia pulex cultured in micro-particles seaweed powder, Chlorella sp. ,bread yeast and Banta （1.5 g cow dung; 2 g rice straw; 20 g good soil; 1 000 cm3 water） ,were determined by GC/MC. The total lipid level was 39.80 mg/g,60.10mg/g,44.60 mg/g and 52.30 mg/g,respectively. Fourteen fatty acids were found as 8 saturated fatty acids （SFA） ,2 monounsaturated fatty acids （MUFA） ,and 4 polyunsaturated fatty acids （PUFA）. The PUFA of seaweed powder and chlorella group was significantly higher than that of bread yeast and Banta group （p 〈0.05） ,which accounted for more than 1/3 total fatty acids. It found that PUFA was lack of C 18 ： 3 in the seaweed powder group, but EPA was up to 22.67 % （p 〈 0.05 ） , AA up to 9.02% （p 〈 0.05 ） , which was 1.6 times and 4.5 times of Chlorella group. And the actual EPA and AA contents were significantly higher than chlorella group （p 〈 0.05 ）, reached 9.02mg/g and 3.59mg/g. The Daphnia pulex fed with liquid of Banta had 52.45% （p 〈 0.05 ） of SFA while that fed with bread yeast had 55.73% （p 〈 0.05 ） of MUFA. By comparison, we found that the unsaturated fatty acids up 20 were rich in micro-particles seaweed powder group. This experiment confirmed that the fatty acid composition of Daphnia pulex was positively correlated with its food. It is considered that Daphnia pulex fed with micro-particles seaweed powder has achieved better nutritional effect for breeding in maricultures.

关 键 词：海洋生物学 食物 紫菜粉 蚤状溞 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：P735[天文地球—海洋生物学]