住院患者多药耐药菌医院感染的调查分析  

Survey of multidrug-resistant bacteria causing nosocomial infections

作　　者：吕群[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院遗传代谢中心,广西南宁530003

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第2期298-299,311,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的探讨由多药耐药菌引起的医院感染,为临床制定有效的防治措施提供参考。方法采用回顾性方法对2009-2011年医院感染的监测资料进行统计分析。结果 2009-2011年共有住院患者55 422例,发生医院感染1 755例,感染率为3.17%,2009-2011年感染率分别为2.61%、3.05%、3.93%;其中由多药耐药菌引起的医院感染患者138例,占0.25%,2009-2011年分别为0.22%、0.23%、0.29%;送检细菌培养31 939份,送检率为57.63%,检出病原菌4 469份,检出率13.99%;分离出多药耐药菌1 030株,检出率为3.22%,2009-2011年分别为4.32%、3.81%、1.63%;构成比居前5位的多药耐药菌依次为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、肺炎链球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、耐甲氧西林表皮葡萄球菌,分别占22.14%、22.04%、17.38%、9.61%、8.64%。结论多药耐药菌检出率逐年下降,而由多药耐药菌引起的医院感染患者不断上升,应引起临床医师和医院主管以及各级卫生行政管理部门的高度重视。OBJECTIVE To explore the prevalence of nosocomial infections caused by the multidrug-resistant bacte- ria so as to provide guidance for effective clinical prevention and treatment. METHODS The monitoring data of the nosocomial infections that occurred in 2009-2011 were statistically analyzed by means of retrospective method. RESULTS Of totally 55 422 cases of hospitalized patients investigated during 2009-2011, the nosocomial infections occurred in 1 755 cases with the infection rate of 3.17% ; the incidence of the nosocomial infections was 2.61% in 2009, 3.05% in 2010, 3.93% in 2011. There were 138 （0.25%） cases of nosocomial infections caused by the multidrug resistant bacteria, among which 0.22% were in 2009, 0.23% in 2010, 0.29% in 2011. Totally 31 939 specimens were submitted for bacterial culture with the submission rate of 57.63% a total of 4 469 strains of pathogens have been isolated with the isolation rate of 13.99% totally 1 030 strains of multidrug-resistant bacte- ria have been isolated with the isolation rate of 3.22%, among which 4.2% were isolated in 2009, 3.81% in 2010, 1.63% in 2011. The multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia e, Streptococcus pneumoni- ae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermis ranked the top 5, accounting for 22.14%, 22.04%, 17.38%, 9.61%, and 8.64%, respectively. CONCLUSION The detection rate of multidrug- resistant bacteria decreases year by year, while the incidence of nosocomial infections caused by the multidrug-re- sistant bacteria increases, to which the clinical physicians, hospital chiefs, and administrative management depart- ment of health should attach great importance.

关 键 词：医院感染 多药耐药菌 防治措施 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]