抗菌药物使用时机与术后感染率的调查研究  

Investigation and analysis of timing of use of antibiotics and incidence of postoperative infections

作　　者：沈丽娟[1] 支彩英[1] 刘秀俊[1] 章静[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州市第一人民医院手术室,浙江杭州310006

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第2期337-338,351,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划基金项目(2011KYB064)

摘　　要：目的正确掌握术前、术中、术后抗菌药物使用时间,从而降低术后手术部位的感染率。方法选取医院2012年3-6月580例住院手术患者的临床资料,调查分析术前预防性抗菌药物应用的时间及术后手术部位的感染情况。结果 580例患者中有15例术前1d使用抗菌药物,占2.6%;术后发生切口感染2例,占13.3%;485例患者在术前30min^1h使用抗菌药物,占83.6%;术后发生切口感染7例,占1.4%;50例患者在术中使用抗菌药物,占8.6%;术后发生切口感染2例,占4.0%;30例患者在术后使用抗菌药物,占5.2%;术后发生切口感染2例,占6.6%。结论预防性使用抗菌药物的给药时间应选择在术前1h,其术后切口感染率最低,故而合理把握使用抗菌药物的时机,能显著减少手术部位的感染率。OBJECTIVE To grasp the accurate timing for preoperative, intraoperative, or postoperative use of anti- biotics so as to reduce the incidence of postoperative surgical site infections. METHODS The clinical data of 580 pa- tients who were hospitalized from Mar to Jun 2012 were included in the study, then the time of preoperative prophylactic use of antibiotics and the incidence of postoperative surgical site infections were observed. RESULTS Among the 580 patients, 15 cases used antibiotics 1 day before the surgery, accounting for 2.6%, and the postop- erative incision infections occurred in 2 （13.3 %） cases; 485 cases used antibiotics used antibiotics 30 rain-1 hour before the surgery, accounting for 83.6 %, and the postoperative incision infections occurred in 7 （1.4 %） cases; 50 cases used antibiotics intraoperatively, accounting for 8.6%, and the postoperative incision infections occurred in 2 （4.0%） cases; 30 cases used antibiotics after the surgery, accounting for 5.2%, and the postoperative inci- sion infections occurred in 2 （6.6 %） cases. CONCLUSION The prophylactic use of antibiotics should be performed 1 hour before the surgery, for the incidence of the postoperative incision infections is the lowest; thus the reasona- ble timing for use of antibiotics may significantly reduce the incidence of the surgical site infections.

关 键 词：抗菌药物 时机不当 术后感染率 调查分析 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品]