手术室医院感染因素及控制措施  

Risk factors for nosocomial infections in operating room and control measures

作　　者：吴曦霞[1] 潘昊[2] 刘婷婷[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学附属武汉市普爱医院麻醉科,湖北武汉430033 [2]华中科技大学附属武汉市普爱医院骨一科,湖北武汉430033

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第2期424-425,共2页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：武汉市卫生局临床医学科研基金资助项目(wx11A06)

摘　　要：目的探讨手术室医院感染的因素,并采取有效地控制措施,为预防和控制手术室医院感染提供科学依据。方法选取2012年2月-2013年2月在医院手术的1 210例患者,随机分成两组,每组各605例,对照组患者仅进行常规护理,试验组在进行常规护理的同时,对其导致手术室医院感染的因素进行分析,并实施应对策略,观察两组患者感染发生率,并总结手术室医院感染的因素及应对策略。结果 1 210例手术患者共发生医院感染60例,其中对照组48例,感染率为7.93%;试验组12例,感染率为1.98%,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);手术室医院感染的因素:手术室环境、手术室工作人员素质、手术室医疗器械的管理、侵入性操作、抗菌药物的不合理应用。结论手术室发生医院感染的危险因素较多,对手术室医院感染的危险因素进行分析并实施相应的应对策略,可有效降低手术室医院感染的发生率,值得在临床上推广使用。OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk factors for nosocomial infections in operating rooms and put forward effective control measures so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of the nosocomial infections. METHODS Totally 1 210 patients who underwent surgery in the hospital from Feb 2012 to Feb 2013 were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into two groups with 605 cases in each, then the subjects of the control group were only treated with conventional nursing, while the subjects of the test group, on the basis of the conventional nursing, were given the additional coping strategies based on analysis of the risk factors for nosocomial infections in the operating rooms, the incidence of the infections was observed and compared between the two groups, and the risk factors for the nosocomial infections and the coping strategies were summarized. RESULTS Of the 1210 pa- tients, the nosocomial infections occurred in 60 cases, including 48 （7.93%） cases in the control group and 12 （1.980%） cases in the test group, the difference in the incidence of infections between the two groups was statisti- cally significant （P〈0.05）. The environment of operating room, quality of operating room staff, management of medical instruments in operating room, invasive operation, and unreasonable use of antibiotics were the risk fac- tors for nosocomial infections in the operating rooms. CONCLUSION There are a variety of risk factors for the nos- ocomial infections in the operating rooms; it is an effective way to analyze the risk factors for the nosocomial infec- tions in the operating rooms and take effective coping strategies so as to reduce the incidence of the nosocomial in- fections in the operating rooms, which is worthy to be promoted in the hospital.

关 键 词：手术室 医院感染 危险因素 控制措施 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]