反复上呼吸道感染患儿危险因素分析  

High risk factors for recurrent upper respiratory tract infections in children

作　　者：关艳华[1] 赵明耀[2] 赵国强[2] 

机构地区：[1]漯河医学高等专科学校护理系,河南漯河462002 [2]郑州大学基础医学院,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第2期480-482,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：河南省科技厅基金资助项目(122300410294)

摘　　要：目的探讨反复上呼吸道感染患儿高危因素，以期为降低患儿反复上呼吸道感染提供参考。方法选取227例3～6岁反复上呼吸道感染患儿资料（感染组）及277名儿童保健科进行健康体检的正常儿童（对照组），调查人口学特征、父母育儿方式、父母文化程度、儿童营养状况、儿童生活环境等因素，检测全血微量元素含量，分析引起反复上呼吸道感染的危险因素。结果非条件logistic回归分析显示，户外活动每天〈2h、年抗菌药物使用次数≥3次、父母有过敏史、家庭成员吸烟、母亲文化程度高中以上是患儿反复发生上呼吸道感染的独立危险因素（P〈0．05），其中母亲文化程度高为保护因素；两组锌、铁、钙、铜、镁含量比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论多种危险因素引起小儿反复上呼吸道感染发生，母亲文化程度高有利于降低小儿反复上呼吸道感染的发生。OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk factors for recurrent upper respiratory tract infections in children so as to reduce the incidence of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections in the children. METHODS Totally 227 children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections aged between 3 and 6 years old were set ad the infection group, while 277 healthy children who underwent the physical examination in health care department were chosen as the control group, then the demographic characteristics, education methods of the parents, education level of the parents, nutrition status of the children, and living condition of the children were investigated, the whole blood trace elements were detected, and the risk factors for the recurrent upper respiratory tract infections were analyzed. RESULTS The non-conditional regression analysis indicated that the outdoor activity time no more than 2 hours per day, frequency of annual use of antibiotics no less than 3 times, parents with allergy history, family members with smoking history, and mother with education level higher than senior high school were the independent risk factors for the recurrent upper respiratory tract infections in the children; the high education level of the mother was the protective factor. The difference in the content of zinc, iron, calcium, copper, or magnesium between the two groups was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION There are many risk factors for the recurrent upper respiratory tract infections in the children, and the high education level of the mother may facilitate the reduction of incidence of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections in the children.

关 键 词：反复上呼吸道感染 患儿 高危因素 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]