深松与控释尿素耦合对夏玉米穂位叶衰老代谢及籽粒产量的影响  

Coupling Effects of Subsoiling and Controlled-Release Urea on Ear Leaf Senescence Metabolism and Grain Yield of Summer Maize

作　　者：秦淑俊[1] 张总正[1] 郭利伟[1] 李娜[1] 李增嘉[1] 宁堂原[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农业部作物水分生理与抗旱种质改良重点实验室/山东省高校作物生理生态重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]山东农业大学国家缓控释肥工程技术研究中心,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2013年第12期14-23,共10页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30900876;31101127);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助(201103001);科技支撑计划(2012BAD14B07;2011BAD21B06)共同资助

摘　　要：试验采用裂区设计,以耕作方式为主区,施肥方式为副区,研究田间不同耕作方式下,施肥方式对玉米穗位叶衰老代谢及籽粒产量的影响。结果表明,相同耕作方式下,控释尿素处理可显著提高植株的总吸氮量,在玉米吐丝后光合叶面积指数显著高于常规尿素处理(P<0.05),控释尿素处理也可显著提高玉米穗位叶SOD、POD和CAT活性,增加可溶性蛋白含量,降低MDA积累量。因而,该控释尿素处理对籽粒灌浆速率的提高效果显著。相同施肥方式下,深松处理可以提高植株水分利用效率,有利于玉米产量的提高。深松与控释尿素耦合满足了植株对水分氮素吸收利用的时空需求,显著提高了玉米吐丝后的光合叶面积指数、抗氧化酶活性、灌浆速率和干物质积累量,延缓穂位叶衰老效果最佳,籽粒产量最高。The split block design was adopted to study the effects of nitrogen application modes on ear leaf senescence metabolism and grain yield of maize under different tillage methods. The results showed that under the same tillage method, the controlled - release urea could significantly increase the total absorption a- mount of single plant, leaf area index after silking, and the SOD, POD and CAT activities and soluble protein content in ear leaves, but decrease the MDA content. So, the application of controlled - release urea had sig- nificant influences on increasing grain - filling rate. Under the same nitrogen application mode, subsoiling could increase the water use efficiency of single plant, and was benefit for the increase of maize yield. Subsoi- ling coupling with controlled - release urea could meet the need of plants to water and nitrogen, increase the leaf area index after silking , antioxidant enzyme activities, grain filling rate and dry matter accumulation siR-nificantly, so the senescence of ear leaf could be delayed better and the highest grain yield could be obtained.

关 键 词：控释尿素 穂位叶衰老 玉米 深松 产量 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]