几种纳米材料对斑马鱼孵化和致畸效应的影响  

Effects of nanomaterials on the hatching and malformation rate of zebrafish embryos

作　　者：尤宏[1] 吕丽娜[1] 赵雪松[1] 王树涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报》2013年第12期48-52,共5页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology

基　　金：城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室自主课题(2013DX09)

摘　　要：为评价纳米材料的生态毒性，选用斑马鱼胚胎作为受试生物，考察ZnO、TiO2和碳纳米管3种纳米材料对斑马鱼胚胎孵化及致畸效应的影响．配置一系列不同质量浓度的纳米材料溶液，对受精1h的斑马鱼胚胎进行暴露，记录36-96h内胚胎的孵化率及累计孵化率．结果表明：纳米ZnO对胚胎孵化率有抑制作用，在50及100mg／L的暴露组。孵化率显著低于对照组，虽然Zn^2＋有溶出，但对孵化率没有显著影响，同时，纳米ZnO暴露导致胚胎畸形，表现为心包水肿；碳纳米管对胚胎孵化率没有显著抑制，但能够使斑马鱼胚胎孵化延迟，且与暴露浓度存在浓度剂量效应关系；在本实验浓度范围内，急性暴露纳米TiO2对胚胎孵化率与畸形率没有显著影响．To evaluate the ecotoxicity of nanomaterials, zebrafish embryos were selected as biological subjects, the toxicity of nano-ZnO, nano-TiO2 and carbon nanotubes on zebrafish embryos hatching rate and teratogenic rate were assessed. Zebrafish embryos of 1 h post fertilization were exposed to a series of different concentrations of nanomaterial solutions, and hatching rate and cumulative hatchability at 36- 96 h were recorded. The results showed although Zn2~ has dissolved, But little effect on hatchability, nano-ZnO was more significant inhibition on embryo hatching, in 50 and 100 mg/L nano-ZnO exposure group. Nano-ZnO also causing pericardial edema. Carbon nanotubes did not affect hatching rate but might cause hatching delay, and exert concentration-dose relationship. In the range of this experimental concentrations, acute exposure nano- TiO2 has no significant influence on hatching rate and malformation rate.

关 键 词：纳米材料 斑马鱼胚胎 毒性 孵化率 畸形率 

分 类 号：X503.2[环境科学与工程—环境工程]