冬小麦补偿效应对保水剂用量的响应  

Response of Compensation Effect of Winter Wheat to Different Rates of Water-retaining Agent

作　　者：杨永辉[1,2] 武继承[1,2] 李学军 李宗军 何方[1,2] 侯占领 杨先明 

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,河南郑州450002 [2]农业部作物高效用水原阳科学观测站,河南原阳453514 [3]通许县农业科学研究所,河南通许475600 [4]许昌市农业技术推广站,河南许昌461000 [5]郑州锦荣生物科技有限公司,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2013年第12期64-69,共6页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"863"节水农业项目(2006AA100215);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203077)

摘　　要：为探明冬小麦补偿效应对保水剂用量的响应,采用盆栽试验,研究了轻度胁迫和充分供水条件下,保水剂不同用量(0、27、54、81mg/kg)对复水前后小麦叶片和根系生理特征及产量的影响。结果表明:在拔节期,复水前,两水分条件下叶片细胞质膜透性均随保水剂用量的增加呈先降低后增加趋势,且均显著低于对照(0mg/kg处理),根系活力在轻度胁迫条件下表现为显著提高趋势,在充分供水条件下则先增后降再增;复水后,两水分条件下均以81mg/kg处理的细胞质膜透性最低,且根系活力最强。在灌浆期,轻度胁迫条件下,复水前、后均以81mg/kg处理的叶片质膜透性最高,且显著高于对照;而充分供水条件下复水前、后各处理间的叶片质膜透性差异均不显著。复水后,在轻度胁迫条件下根系活力以27mg/kg处理最高,而充分灌水条件下以54mg/kg处理的效果最佳。最终,小麦产量和水分利用效率以充分供水条件下较对照增幅最大,且以54mg/kg处理效果最佳,较对照增产9.3%,水分利用效率提高9.0%。而轻度胁迫条件下以27mg/kg处理效果最佳,小麦产量和水分利用效率均较对照提高6.9%。In order to ascertain the response of compensation effect of the winter wheat to differ- ent rates of water-retaining agent （0 mg/kg,27 mg/kg,54 mg/kg,and 81 mg/kg）,the pot experi- ment was employed to study the effect of water-retaining agent on the wheat leaf, root physiologi- cal characteristics and yield under the drought stress and efficient irrigation conditions. The re- sults indicated that at jointing stage,leaf plasma membrane permeability dropped firstly,and then increased with the increase of water-retaining agent before rewatering under the two moisture conditions,which were lower than those of the control. In the drought stress condition,root vigor increased significantly with the increase of water-retaining agent, while it first increased, thendropped and increased again under the sufficient irrigation condition. After rewatering in the drought stress and efficient irrigation conditions,the treatment with 81 mg/kg of water-retaining agent had the lowest cytoplasm membrane permeability and the strongest root vigor compared with the control. To filling stage,the leaf plasma membrane permeability of the treatment with 81 mg/kg of water-retaining agent was significantly higher than that of the control before and after rewatering under the drought stress condition, while there was no significant difference among the treatments under the efficient irrigation condition. Under drought stress condition, the treatment with 27 mg/kg of water-retaining agent had the highest root vigor compared with the other treat- ments after rewatering, while the treatment with 54 mg/kg of water-retaining agent brought about the best effect under efficient irrigation condition. The wheat yield and water use efficiency of the water-retaining agent treatments under the efficient irrigation condition had higher increase than those under the drought stress condition,in which the treatment with 54 mg/kg of water- retaining agent performed the best effects,with yield and water utilization effeciency increasing by 9.3% and 9.0%

关 键 词：冬小麦 水分条件 保水剂 生理特征 补偿效应 产量 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]