数字图像处理在熔痕特征分析中的应用  

Application of Digital Image Processing in Analysis of Metal Beads' Characteristics

作　　者：王海蓉[1,2] 王莉[1] 晏建波[1] 赵杏梅[1] 梁栋[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学工学院,广东广州510275 [2]广东省消防科学技术重点实验室,广东广州510006

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2013年第11期27-31,共5页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2010A060801010)

摘　　要：为定量分析和识别熔痕组织,以火灾现场的铜导线金属熔痕为研究对象,基于金相分析,探讨3种典型熔痕的细观结构差异。运用二值化、膨胀、分割、细化等图像处理方法,通过自编Matlab程序,研究3种熔痕的平均晶粒直径及其方差、单位面积为晶粒个数、晶粒度级别等与金属熔痕晶体形态有关的特征参数。结果表明:3种金属熔痕的平均直径、晶粒个数和晶粒度存在显著差异。火烧熔痕的平均晶粒直径大于0.004 mm,二次短路熔痕晶粒直径小于0.002 mm,而一次短路熔痕的晶粒直径则为0.002～0.004 mm。火烧熔痕的晶粒度级别G小于2级,二次短路熔痕的晶粒度级别G大于2级小于3级,一次短路熔痕的晶粒度级别G小于3级。Copper beads collected from spots of fires were analyzed using image processing methods, and differences among detail structures of three typical beads were examined metallographically, in order that structures of beads can be identified. Characteristic parameters of beads, including average diameters of beads, including average diameters of beads, including average diameters of grains and their variances, numbers of grains per unit area, and so on were studied with a Matlab program written by authors. The results show that average diameter, grain number and grain size of three kinds of copper beads were significantly different, that grain diameter of fire beads is above 0. 004 mm, the second short beads less than 0. 002 mm, and first short metal beads between 0.002 and 0.004 mm, and that grain size G of fire beads less than 2, the G of second short beads between 2 and 3, the G of first short beads more than 3.

关 键 词：熔痕 金相分析 表面形貌 图像处理 特征参数 

分 类 号：X928.7[环境科学与工程—安全科学]