2010—2012年某印刷厂噪声作业人员听力损失调查  

Hearing loss of noise-exposed workers in a printery during 2010-2012

作　　者：刘文娟[1] 杨爱初[1] 梁晓阳[1] 林锦明[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院,广东广州510300

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2013年第6期303-305,307,共4页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

摘　　要：目的探讨生产性噪声对印刷厂车间噪声作业工人听力损失的连续性影响,为保护噪声职业接触者身体健康,控制职业病危害因素提供依据。方法回顾性分析某印刷厂车间噪声接触人员连续三年的纯音听阈测试结果,结合15个噪声监测点的现场噪声强度,分析连续3年听力损失的动态变化及其影响因素。结果随着噪声接触时间的延长,4.0 kHz及6.0kHz频率听力损失的差异有统计学意义(F=1.333、1.045,P<0.01)。10年及以上工龄组工人听力损失率(46.51%)高于10年以下工龄组(14.48%)。性别、噪声强度、工龄、年龄是听力损失发生的独立危害因素,男性高于女性,85 dB(A)以上的噪声强度下及10年以上工龄者听力损失发生的风险较高,年龄≥50岁组发生听力损失的风险较<50岁组高(OR值分别为2.721、2.376、2.044、2.816)。结论噪声暴露剂量和听力损失存在一定的剂量—反应关系。Objective To investigate the long-term effect of occupational noise exposure on hearing of workers in a printer. Methods The results of the pure tone audiometry test for three consecutive years were analyzed. The dynamic change of hearing was evaluated and potential affecting factors were probed. Results The hearing loss at both 4.0 kHz and 6.0 kHz frequency was significantly increased with the prolongation of noise exposure time （F = 1.333,1.045,P 〈 0.05）. The workers with 10 years of employed time or more had a higher rate of hearing loss （46.51%）compared with the workers with employed time less than 10 years （14.48%）. Male,noise intensity above 85 dB （A）, 10 years of exposure time or more,and 50 years of age or more were independent risk factors for hearing damage （OR = 2.721,2,376,2.044,2.816）. Conclusion There was a dose-response relationship between the noise exposure and hearing loss and the effective control measures against noise in this printer should be taken promptly.

关 键 词：噪声 听力损失 印刷厂 

分 类 号：R135.8[医药卫生—劳动卫生]