溶剂浸提法对茶籽油含量及成分的影响  

On the effect of solvent extraction on the content and component of camellia oils

作　　者：张泽鑫[1] 汤少英 张振明[1] 郭克婷[1] 潘春香[1] 

机构地区：[1]韶关学院英东农业科学与工程学院,广东韶关512005

出　　处：《韶关学院学报》2013年第12期49-52,共4页Journal of Shaoguan University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31070287)

摘　　要：实验以白花油茶籽和红花油茶籽为材料,研究了三氯甲烷、石油醚、丙酮、正己烷4种溶剂对油茶籽的提油量和主要成分的影响,并对经甲酯化处理的茶油进行气相色谱分析.结果表明:不论是白花油茶还是红花油茶均以丙酮溶剂浸提的不饱和脂肪酸含量最高,但是,该溶剂浸提油的色泽等感官品质较差;石油醚浸提的茶油颜色为浅黄色,明亮剔透,没有混浊物或者漂浮物,油质好,且不饱和脂肪酸含量仅次于丙酮居第二位.综合比较分析,石油醚是一种比较理想的浸提溶剂.The paper studied the effect of four solvents of chloroform, mineral ether, acetone and n-hexane on the contents and major components of camellia oil by using white camellia seed and red camellia seed as experimental materials and adopting the method of solvent extraction, and then at the same time adopting the method of gas chromatography analysis on the camellias that had been treated with methyl esterifieation. The results showed that： the contents of unsaturated fatty acid extracted by acetone reached the highest both in white camellia oil and red camellia oil, but the sensory qualities, such as color, were not so good; the color of camellia oil extracted by mineral ether was light yellow, and the oil was very clear with no turbidity or floater. The quality of oil was also very good and the content of unsaturated fatty acid was the second highest. Through the comprehensive comparative analysis, it concluded that mineral ether is an ideal extraction solvent. The study provided scientific basis for improving the method of extracting oil from camellia seed.

关 键 词：溶剂 浸提 油茶籽 茶油 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：TS224.4[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]