北方防风固沙重要区草原型的遥感划分  

Classification of Grassland Types of Windbreak and Sand-Fixation Ecological Function Regions in the North of China Using Satellite Images

作　　者：刘同海[1] 吴新宏[2] 吕世海[3] 杨婷婷[2] 李鹏[2] 赵新海[1] 叶生星[3] 拾涛[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津农学院计算机科学与信息工程系,天津300384 [2]中国农业科学院草原研究所,呼和浩特010010 [3]中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护区域生态过程与功能评估重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2013年第21期5161-5166,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家公益性行业(环保)科研专项(201109025)

摘　　要：草原型是草地资源研究的关键基础数据。为了开展不同草原型防风固沙生态功能评价及探讨草地资源经济利用限值,以正蓝旗为典型研究区,综合利用遥感技术,研究了北方防风固沙重要区草原型遥感划分方法。在去除非天然草地利用区域的基础上,利用2011年8月中旬的NDVI,结合同期野外实地植物群落属性调查数据,以20世纪80年代全国统一草地资源调查数据为参考,进行监督分类,将正蓝旗天然草原划分为24类草原型,经验证,分类精度为89.5%,基本满足研究需要。与20世纪80年代数据对比,草原型从类型到面积分布划分结果基本一致,2011年遥感划分的草原型减少了7种,但新增加了3种,正蓝旗草原总体呈温性草甸草原向温性草原退化及向低地盐化草甸恶化。The grassland type is the key data for conducting the study of grassland resources. To carry out the economic uti- lizable threshold and the evaluation of ecological functions of grassland resources for the windbreak and the sand-fixation eco- logical function regions in the north of China, this paper studied a grassland type classification method based on the remote sensing technology using Plain Blue Banner as the typical study region. Based on the removing of the non-grass areas through the mask technique, using the NDVI data in mid August of 2011 combined with the field survey data of the same period and the unified national grassland resources survey data in the 1980s, the natural grassland of Plain Blue Banner was divid- ed into 24 grassland types. Through verification, the classification accuracy of this method reached to 89.5%, which showed that the method could meet of the basic research needs. The results of grassland types and size distribution based on this method were consistent with that of the 1980s data. Compared with the 1980s data, the number of grassland types of Plain Blue Banner in 2011 was reduced by seven classes of grassland types and increased by 3 types. The grassland of Plain Blue Banner in general was degraded from temperate meadow steppe to the temperature steppe. The salinization of lowland meadow had the trend of deterioration.

关 键 词：草原型划分 NDVI 掩膜 监督分类 四度一量 北方防风固沙重要区 

分 类 号：S812.3[农业科学—草业科学] S127[农业科学—畜牧学]