产业结构、可贸易性与贸易不平衡:一个理论解释  

Industrial Structure,Tradability,and Trade Imbalance: A Theoretical Explanation

作　　者：尹翔硕[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学经济学院

出　　处：《世界经济研究》2014年第1期41-45,88,共5页World Economy Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(项目批准号:10JJD790019)"贸易顺差的实体经济原因"的阶段性成果;教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地项目基金资助

摘　　要：一国的对外贸易不平衡可分为短期和长期两种。长期不平衡的基础是经济结构,特别是产业结构。从贸易顺差国来看,主要有石油输出国和制成品出口国。石油输出国的顺差是由石油价格的暴涨导致的,但是制成品出口国的长期顺差却是因为制成品的可贸易性远高于服务品引起的。由于制成品出口国在制造业方面有比较优势且制造业部门明显大于世界平均水平,因此它会出口制成品,进口服务品。如果两者都完全可贸易,则贸易可以平衡,但是如果服务品不完全可贸易,则不平衡就不可避免。本文主要从理论上对上述问题给出了解释。There is short-term and long-term trade imbalance for a country. Long-term imbalance is determined by a country's economic structure,especially industrial structure. There are mainly two kinds of trade surplus countries: oil-exporting and manufacture-exporting countries. Surplus of the former mainly comes from rapid increase of oil prices,while surplus of the latter is because of the high tradability of manufactures over services. Since manufacture-exporting countries have comparative advantage in manufactures and their manufacturing sectors are usually larger than the world average level,they export manufactures and import services. If both are tradable,trade can be balanced; but if services are not totally tradable,imbalance is inevitable. This paper gives a theoretical explanation on it.

关 键 词：产业结构 可贸易性 不平衡 

分 类 号：F746[经济管理—国际贸易]