儿科医院呼吸道感染的现患率调查  

Prevalence rates of respiratory tract infections in a children′s hospital

作　　者：王芳[1] 李小芹[2] 赵保玲[1] 王俊[3] 

机构地区：[1]郑州市儿童医院感染性疾病科,河南郑州450053 [2]郑州市儿童医院消化科,河南郑州450053 [3]郑州市儿童医院医院感染管理科,河南郑州450053

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第1期208-210,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：郑州市科技局计划基金项目(20130569)

摘　　要：目的对医院儿科住院患儿医院呼吸道感染现患率进行调查,以了解儿科呼吸道感染现状,以降低感染率。方法调查时间选择2013年1月16日8∶00-2013年1月17日8∶00采取病历资料检查与现场调查方式相结合,对儿科326例患儿医院呼吸道感染现患率进行调查,采用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析,计数资料行χ2检验,在单变量分析的基础上,对存在统计学差异的影响因素纳入logistic回归分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 326例患儿,发生呼吸道感染21例,感染率为6.44%;年龄、住院时间、侵入性操作、抗菌药物联用、使用糖皮质激素、原发疾病为呼吸道感染的相关因素(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,侵入性操作、抗菌药物联用、使用糖皮质激素为呼吸道感染的独立危险因素;共培养病原菌21株,其中革兰阴性菌13株占61.90%;以铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌为主;革兰阳性菌8株占38.10%,以金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌为主;病原菌对氨苄西林、左氧氟沙星、红霉素耐药率较高,对亚胺培南较敏感。结论根据现患率调查结果,针对感染相关因素制定有效的诊治对策,规范抗菌药物及糖皮质激素药物的使用,减少侵入性操作以降低医院感染的发生。OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence rates of respiratory tract infections in hospitalized patients of department of pediatrics and understand the current status of respiratory tract infections so as to reduce the infection rate.METHODS From 8∶00 on Jan 16,2013to 8∶00 on Jan 17,2013,the prevalence rates of the respiratory tract infections in 326children were investigated by means of review of medical records combined with onsite survey,then the statistical analysis was performed with the use of SPSS13.0software,the chi-square test was conducted for the analysis of count data,and the logistic regression analysis was carried out for the influencing factors with statistical difference that were screened out through univariate analysis,with P0.05representing the statistical significance.RESULTS Among the 326children investigated,the respiratory tract infections occurred in 21 cases with the infection rate of 6.44%;the incidence of the respiratory tract infections was related to the age,hospitalization duration,invasive operation,combination use of antibiotics,use of glucocorticoid,and primary disease（P0.05）.The result of the multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the invasive operation,combination use of antibiotics,and use of glucocorticoid were the independent risk factors for the respiratory tract infections.A total of 21strains of pathogens have been isolated,including 13（61.90%）strains of gram-negative bacteria and 8（38.10%）strains of gram-positive bacteria;the Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae,and Escherichia coli were dominant among the gram-negative bacteria;the Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were the predominant species of the gram-positive bacteria.The pathogens were highly resistant to ampicillin,levofloxacin,and erythromycin but were susceptible to imipenem.CONCLUSIONIt is necessary to formulate effective diagnosis and treatment countermeasures in response to the related factors for infections according to the result of survey of preval

关 键 词：儿科 呼吸道 医院感染 现患率 调查 

分 类 号：R562[医药卫生—呼吸系统]