乙型肝炎病毒医院感染的分类管理  

Classified management of nosocomial infections caused by hepatitis B virus

作　　者：纪永章[1] 刘芳[1] 张辉[1] 姜旻岚[1] 刘瑜[1] 杨双旺[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第454医院医院感染管理科,江苏南京210002

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第1期226-228,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：南京军区医学科技创新重点基金项目(12Z17)

摘　　要：目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)医院感染方式的分类管理方法,旨在使监控方法更为实用。方法在进行现有资料汇总分析的基础上,对HBV医院感染方式进行分类。结果 HBV传染源的病毒浓度相差极大,依≥107、≥104、≥100ID/ml为标准可分为高、中和低度传染性3个等级;HBV传播途径的入体血量相差极大,依10-4 ml和10-7 ml为标准可分为经大、小和微量血液传播3种类型;HBV感染对象的免疫状况相差很大,依感染阈值可分为患者和医务人员两个群体;HBV标志代表的病毒浓度相差很大,依传染性范围可选择HBV DNA、HBsAg和HBeAg3种传染源筛查指标。结论依据病毒浓度、接种血量、感染阈值和病毒标志与HBV传染源的关系将HBV医院感染方式分为3类,建立相应的监控方法,具有特定的监控范围,用于明确的预防对象。OBJECTIVE To explore the classified management measures for the nosocomial infections caused by hepatitis B virus（HBV）so as to make the monitoring measure more practical.METHODS The ways to be infected with HBV were classified based on the pooled analysis of available data.RESULTS The viral concentrations of the HBV infection sources varied significantly and could be divided into three levels according to the standards of the higher than 107 ID/ml,104 ID/ml,or≥100ID/ml,including the high,medium,and low level infections;the blood volume of transmission of HBV into the body varied greatly and could be divided into the large,small,and micro blood volumes according to the standards of 10-4 ml and 10-7 ml;the subjects with HBV infections varied significantly in the immunity and could be divided into two populations including the patients and medical staff.The viral concentrations represented by the HBV markers varied greatly,and three screening indicators for infection sources including HBV DNA,HBsAg,and HBeAg could be chosen as the infection range.CONCLUSIONTo classify the HBV infections into three types based on the correlation between the viral concentration,inoculation blood volume,threshold value of infection,viral indicators and the sources of HBV infections and establish corresponding monitoring measures may help to locate the monitoring range and define the prevention objects.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎病毒 医院感染 分类管理 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]