不同吸硅型植物各器官硅素及氮、磷、钾素分布特征  

The Distribution of Silicon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in the Organs of Different Silicon-Absorbing Plants

作　　者：李晓艳[1,2] 孙立[1,2] 吴良欢[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院,教育部环境修复与生态健康重点实验室,浙江杭州310058 [2]浙江大学环境与资源学院,浙江省亚热带土壤和植物营养重点实验室,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《土壤通报》2014年第1期193-198,共6页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20090101110131);国家自然科学基金项目(31071850)资助

摘　　要：通过采集浙江省不同生态地区玉米、黄瓜、冬瓜和番茄植株,研究不同吸硅型植物各器官硅含量分布特征及其与大量营养元素氮、磷、钾的关系。结果表明,喜硅植物玉米和不喜硅植物黄瓜、冬瓜不同器官硅含量均分别满足"末端分布规律",即从根到茎叶呈现逐渐增加的趋势;喜硅植物根、茎、叶中硅含量显著大于不喜硅植物,且各器官之间差异显著。喜硅植物叶片硅含量最高,种子中硅含量最低,表明大量硅可能以沉淀硅形态积累在茎叶中,导致其向生殖器官的转移受到抑制。不同吸硅型植物氮、磷含量在果实、茎叶中的累积较根中显著提高。喜硅植物各器官氮、钾含量与其硅含量呈一定的相关性,其含量变化呈现叶>茎>根的趋势。且喜硅植物不同器官硅含量受生长环境、土壤有效硅含量影响差异显著。The distribution of silicon in organs of the different plants, and the relationship between silicon and plant macroelements, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, were studied on the siliconphile plant of maize （Zea mays L. ）, non-siliconphile plants of cucumber （ Cucumis sativus L.）, chinese watermelon （Caulis benincasae L.） and tomatoes （Solanum lycopersicum L.）, that distributed in the different ecological regions of Zhejiang Province. The results showed that the distribution of silicon in the different organs of maize, cucumber and Chinese watermelon were all accorded with the law of terminal distribution, and the content of silicon followed the trends： leaf, stem 〉 root. Compared with the non-siliconphile plants, the content of silicon in the parts of root, stem and leaf were significantly increased in the siliconphile plants. Besides, the content of silicon was largest in leaf, lowest in seed, and root and stem at an intermediate position, indicating that lots of silicon might be accumulated in the leaf and stem parts as the deposited form, which restrained the transformation of the silicon to the organs of generation. Compared with the root, the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in the leaf and stem by the four plants all significantly increased. The contents of nitrogen and potassium in different organs of maize were closely related with the content of silicon, following the trend of leaf 〉 root 〉 stem. Furthermore, the content of silicon in different organs of siliconphile plant also showed the regional distribution, and affected by some factors, such as environment, soil silicon content and so on.

关 键 词：硅 大量元素 分布 植物 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]