油茶炭疽病与果皮中酶活性及糖类含量的关系  

Relationship between anthracnose and enzyme activity & sugar content in Camellia oleifera

作　　者：董传媛[1,2] 曹志华[1,3] 束庆龙[1] 胡娟娟[1] 刘洪剑[3] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学林学与园林学院,安徽合肥230031 [2]安徽省长丰县林业局,安徽长丰231100 [3]安徽省林业科学研究院,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《经济林研究》2013年第4期165-169,共5页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：安徽省农业科技成果转化项目"舒城县油茶产业提升关键技术集成与示范推广"(1104a0303065);六安市科技攻关项目"油茶炭疽病无公害治理技术研究"

摘　　要：为了探明油茶抗炭疽病的机理,在中国长江以北油茶栽培面积最大的地区舒城县,选择无任何防治措施的油茶林,对其油茶炭疽病的发病率进行多年定株、定期调查,筛选出感病程度不同的油茶植株作为研究对象,在生长季节不同月份,对不同感病程度植株果皮中的3种酶(苯丙氨酸解氨酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶)活性以及其果皮内含物(可溶性总糖、还原糖)含量进行了测定分析。结果表明:高抗品种果皮发病率为2.8%,而高感品种果皮发病率高达100%;在发病季节,可溶性糖、还原糖含量随着果皮成熟度的增加呈上升趋势,抗病品种含量远高于感病品种;3种酶活性与果皮的成熟度、发病率呈正相关,高抗品种酶活性初期上升较快,后期上升较平缓,中抗与感病品种酶活性呈现先上升后下降的趋势。In order to probe the resistance mechanism of Camellia oleifera to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, free- control C. oleifera forest were selected in Shucheng County, which has the biggest cultivation area of C. oleifera in the north of the Yangtze River, China. Incidence rate of anthracnose was investigated by periodically fixed plants observation to screen out the plants at different infection degrees as experimental materials. In different months of the growing season, soluble sugar content, reduction sugar content, three enzymes activity （phenylalanine ammonia, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase） in peel from the plants at different infection degrees were determined and analyzed. The results show that the incidence rate of peel in high resistance cultivars is 2.8%, while it in high susceptibility cultivars is up to 100%. In the occurrence season of anthracnose, the contents of soluble sugar and reducing sugar in peel rise with maturity increasing, which that in the disease-resistant cultivars is significantly higher than that in the susceptible cultivars. The activities of three enzymes are positively correlated with fruit maturity and incidence rate of anthracnose. The enzyme activities of high resistance cultivars are initially increased rapidly and then gently increased, while those in medium resistance cultivars and high susceptible cultivars are initially increased and then decreased.

关 键 词：油茶炭疽病 炭疽病菌 酶活性 可溶性糖 还原性糖 

分 类 号：S601[农业科学—园艺学] S794.4