行为控制方法在煤矿放炮事故预防中的应用研究  

Application study on behavior control methods for prevention of blasting accidents in coal mine

作　　者：孙成坤[1,2] 傅贵[3] 董继业[3] 杨文旺[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学<北京>管理学院,北京100083 [2]黑龙江龙煤矿业控股集团有限责任公司,黑龙江鹤岗154100 [3]中国矿业大学<北京>资源与安全工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2013年第12期107-111,共5页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51074167);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2010YZ04)

摘　　要：我国煤炭行业事故频发,而人的不安全动作引起了88%的事故,因此,运用行为控制方法来约束人的不安全动作对于减少煤矿事故有着重要意义。以煤矿放炮员不安全动作为统计指标,对我国2000-2011年41起煤矿重特大放炮事故进行统计,得到16种、48个不安全放炮动作。进一步分析,发现造成这些不安全动作的原因集中在放炮员安全知识、意识、习惯,组织安全管理体系,以及组织安全文化这三方面。根据这些原因提出了系统的行为控制方法,给出了放炮员不安全动作的综合解决对策,这样企业便采取了从安全文化到放炮员不安全动作的一整套行为控制措施,从而可以有效预防煤矿放炮员的不安全动作,减少煤矿企业放炮事故的发生。Accidents in coal industry of China are frequent, and 88% accidents are caused by people＇s unsafe act. Therefore, it has an important significance to use behavior safety method to control people＇s unsafe act. 41 major blasting accidents from 2000 to 2011 were analyzed statistically with regard to the unsafe act of blasters, and 16 species, 48 unsafe blasting acts were found. It showed the reasons for these unsafe action focused on three aspects, such as safety knowledge, awareness, and habits, safety management system, and the organizational safety culture. A lot of behavior control methods were put forward according to these three aspects, and a comprehensive solution to the unsafe behavior of countermeasures were given. In these ways, the enterprises can take a set of behavior safety control measures from safety culture to the blasters unsafe act, which can effectively prevent unsafe act of blastes and reduce the occurrence of blasting accidents in mining enterprises.

关 键 词：煤矿 放炮事故 放炮员 不安全动作 原因 行为控制方法 

分 类 号：X928.7[环境科学与工程—安全科学]