渤海湾大型底栖动物调查及与环境因子的相关性  

Macroinvertebrate investigation and their relation to environmental factors in Bohai Bay

作　　者：周然[1,2] 覃雪波[2,3] 彭士涛[2,4] 石洪华[4] 邓仕槐[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源环境学院,成都611130 [2]交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所,天津300456 [3]天津自然博物馆,天津300074 [4]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,青岛266061

出　　处：《生态学报》2014年第1期50-58,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：科技基础性工作专项资助项目(2012FY112500);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(TKS100105)

摘　　要：对渤海湾大型底栖动物和环境因子进行调查,利用多元分析技术对大型底栖动物与环境因子之间的关系进行研究。调查期间共发现大型底栖动物45种,平均密度为406个/m2。大型底栖动物数量空间变化明显,呈现从近岸到外海降低的变化特征。运用典范对应分析(CCA)探讨大型底栖动物与环境因子之间的关系,并采用向前引入法对环境因子进行逐步筛选,Monte Carlo置换检验结果显示,水深、无机氮和溶解氧是影响渤海湾大型底栖动物空间分布的关键环境因子。Bohai Bay is a semi-enclosed bay, which is located in the western region of Bohai Sea in northern China. This bay has been conditioned strongly, historically, by different anthropogenic pressures. In particular, during the recent three decades, with rapid industrialization and urbanization, the seashore area of Bohai Bay were reclaim for agriculture and aquicuhure, and subsequent occupation of those areas for urban, industrial and port developments have provoked a dramatic reduction in size. The seawater quality of Bohai Bay is deteriorated gradually. Due to the low movement of macroinvertebrate, they can be as a good indicator of change in their environment. [n the present study, an interdisciplinary survey of hydrological, chemical and biological resources was conducted in the Bohai Bay in May 2008. The distribution of macroinvertebrate and their relation to environmental factors were performed with multivariate analysis techniques. The main aim of this study is describe the composition and abundance of macroinvertebrate and to select the best variables describing the macroinvertebrate distribution in Bohai Bay. The result shown that there were 45 taxa were observed during the study period. The highest frequency of the species is Nucula paulula, which contributed up to 77% of the stations. Planocera sp., Protankyra bidentata and Raphidopus ciliatus were also found in more than 50% of the stations. The mean of macroinvertebrate abundance was 406 ind./m2. The high abundance of macroinvertebrate was found at the coastal sites, while the low at the offshore sites. The highest abundance was found in the S7, with 6008 ind./m2. However, there were not macroinvertebrate were found in the $20, where is nearly the Tianjin Port. There were three dominant species includingAbrina lunella, Nucula paulula and Theora fragilis during study periods,, with the dominance of 0.02, 0.03 and 0.22, respectively. Abrina lunella and Nucula paulula were found in most of the stations, however, Theora fragilis mainly distributed in the $7

关 键 词：大型底栖动物 环境因子 典范对应分析(CCA) 渤海湾 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]