环境质量评价研究现状、困惑和展望  

Research Status, Confusion and Prospects in Environmental Quality Evaluation

作　　者：李政大[1] 袁晓玲[1] 杨万平[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学经济与金融学院,西安700061

出　　处：《资源科学》2014年第1期175-181,共7页Resources Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目:"中国转变经济发展方式推动科学发展对策研究"(编号:11AZD001);国家社会科学基金青年项目":能源消费;污染排放与中国经济的可持续发展"(编号:10CJL034);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划":中国低碳经济发展指标体系研究"(编号:NCET-10-0683)

摘　　要：环境问题已成为研究热点,环境质量评价是环境研究的前提和基础。本文从如何科学表征环境质量出发,对环境质量的评价指标和测度方法进行全面梳理和分类,总结了现有各种表征指标和测度方法的优缺点。在此基础上,从研究视角、研究范畴、研究结果3个方面分析了目前环境质量评价认识的偏差和研究不足,并提出了后续研究需重点关注的内容。本文认为规范环境质量研究范式,构建环境吸收研究体系,并将环境质量、环境污染、环境吸收因子纳入统一研究框架,构建中国环境综合评价指数将是未来研究的重点,也是亟待解决的问题。The reality is that technological progress and industrial revolution have resulted in a brilliant material civilization, but a degraded environment. Environmental quality assessment is the basis and precondition of environmental studies. Here, we attempt to scientifically characterize environmental quality, and evaluation indicators and measurement methods. We summarize the deviation and inadequacies of environmental quality assessment from three aspects including perspective, scope and results. We found that the concepts of environmental quality and environmental pollution have been confused in research. It cannot accurately reflect the real situation of environmental quality, and weakens the function of environmental quality assessment. Under the research scope, the environment absorption has been unnoticed. Environment quality evaluation cannot measure the achievements of social development, which includes desirable outputs and undesirable outputs, for example pollution and noise. There is lack of assessment results of the comprehensive environmental quality in current research. We consider it important and urgent to standardize the research paradigm, build an environment absorption study system, and consider environment quality, environment pollution and environment absorption factors under a unified research framework to construct the index of environmental comprehensive assessment in China. Comprehensive index factors should be taken into account for regional economic development and comprehensive environmental pollution, composition elements of environment, scientific environmental quality monitoring and assessment method, and the availability of data.

关 键 词：环境质量评价 认识困惑 研究展望 

分 类 号：X820[环境科学与工程—环境工程]