二龙山水库水源保护区土地利用变化对生态需水量影响分析  

ANALYSIS ON INFLUENCE OF LAND USE CHANGE ON ECOLOGICAL WATER REQUIREMENT IN THE DRINKING WATER SOURCE RESERVE OF ERLONGSHAN RESERVOIR

作　　者：汤洁[1] 吴佳曦[1] 徐海红[2] 王博[1] 林晓晟[1] 刘畅[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学环境与资源学院,长春130012 [2]环境保护部环境工程评估中心,北京100012

出　　处：《环境工程》2014年第1期46-49,59,共5页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项-辽河源头区水污染综合治理技术及示范研究课题(2012ZX07208-011)

摘　　要：在运用ArcGIS软件解译二龙山水源保护区1989年、2000年和2008年卫星影像图的基础上,提取出土地利用数据;分析了19年间土地利用变化情况,计算各地类生态需水量,剖析了土地利用变化对生态需水量的影响。结果表明:保护区内土地利用变化明显,耕地和草地大幅度减少,林地和城镇面积快速增加;耕地和林地生态需水量占总需水量的45%,水田和林地的变化对生态需水量的影响最为显著;生态需水量共减少了0.317亿m3,总体表现为生态缺水。在水资源短缺的情况下,应科学合理调整土地利用结构,调节水资源供需平衡,以保障生活饮用水水源地的生态安全。ArcGIS was used to abstract land use data of Erlongshan water reserve based on the interpretation of satellite images of 1989, 2000 and 2008 and the land used change was analyzed during the 19 years. Ecological water requirement of different land types was calculated to analyze the effect caused of land use on water requirement. The results showed that the land use changed obviously in the past 19 years and the area of farmland and grassland decreased substantially while the area of forestry land and urban area increased rapidly; Ecological water requirement of farmland and forestry land accounted for 45% of the total water requirement. The land use changes of the paddy and forestry land have the most notable effect on the ecological water requirement. The total reduction amount of ecological water requirement was 31.7 million m^3 and it showed a overall water-lack trend. Under a water shortage condition, it is necessary to coordinate the land structure properly and the supply-demand balance of water resources to assure the ecological security of drinking water source reserve.

关 键 词：二龙山水库 水源保护区 土地利用变化 面积定额法 生态需水量 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]