密闭式堆肥反应器中复合微生物菌剂对堆肥效果的影响  

EFFECTS OF COMPOUND MICROBIAL INOCULANTS ON COMPOSTING IN HERMETIC BIOREACTORS

作　　者：张陇利[1] 劳德坤 李季[1] 徐智[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《环境工程》2014年第1期102-107,共6页Environmental Engineering

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD14B01;2013BAD47B01);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303079)

摘　　要：通过一套自制密闭式堆肥反应器系统，研究在一定的堆肥条件下，接种复合微生物菌剂对堆肥腐熟度、环境影响控制和产品质量等方面的影响。通过对堆肥温度、含水率、碳氮比（C／N）、发芽指数（GI）、氨气（NH3）排放浓度和微生物数量等指标的检测分析发现，接种复合微生物菌剂的处理组提前3．5～4．5h到达高温期，高温期持续时长多于对照3．8～4．0d，氧气消耗快，堆肥腐熟速度快，腐熟程度高，氨气排放浓度平均低于不接种处理39％，有效地控制了臭气排放和氮素损失。认为在堆肥中接种复合微生物菌剂是解决我国目前堆肥腐熟时间过长、养分损失大、恶臭气体排放严重、环境影响严重等问题的有效途径。The aerobic composting was carried out in self-made bioreactors to study the effects of compound microbial inoeulants on the compost maturity index, environmental impact and product quality by detecting dynamic changes of temperature, water content, total-nitrogen, C/N ratio, oxygen concentration, NH3concentration, germination index（GI） and microbial population. The results showed that the temperature rising rate of those treatments with inoculation was higher than that of those treatments without inoculation, and the time for reaching 50℃ were 3.5 - 4. 0 hours earlier, the duration of high temperature （ exceeded 50 ℃ ） was also 3.8 - 4.0 days longer. The treatments with inoculants accelerated the composting maturity, improved the maturity. And NH3 concentration was 39% lower compared with the control group. So it was an effective method to improve the composting maturity, decrease the nitrogen loss, and control the pollution with inoculating compound microbial in composting bioreactors.

关 键 词：堆肥 复合微生物菌剂 密闭式堆肥反应器 

分 类 号：X70[环境科学与工程—环境工程]