复合乳化剂对八甲基环四硅氧烷微乳液聚合的影响  

Effect of Composite Emulsifier on Microemulsion Polymerization of Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane

作　　者：孙淳宁 沈敏敏[1] 莫建强[1,2] 邓莲丽[1,2] 周宝文[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院纤维素化学重点实验室广州化学研究所,广东广州510650 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2014年第1期1-5,共5页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

摘　　要：以八甲基环四硅氧烷为单体,十八烷基三甲基氯化铵与异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚为复合乳化剂,于80℃开环聚合制备有机硅氧烷微乳液。考察了非离子乳化剂、阳离子乳化剂、乳化剂配比和乳化剂用量对微乳液的粒径、粒径多分散指数(PDI)、透光率以及微乳液稳定性的影响。实验结果表明,非离子乳化剂有利于提高微乳液的相对稳定性并且使粒径分布更窄;阳离子乳化剂能够使乳液的粒径变小;随着阳离子乳化剂与非离子乳化剂的质量比增加,乳液粒径先减小后稳定;随着复合乳化剂用量的增加,乳液粒径变小,透光率增加,电解质相对稳定性上升而碱的相对稳定性却随之下降。Ring-opening polymerization （ ROP ） of octamethylcyctotetrasiloxane （ D4 ） at 80 ℃ to form microemulsion was introduced. Cationic emulsifier, octadearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride （OTAC）＇ and nonionic emulsifier, iso-tridecanol ethoxylate （1307） were blended as composite emulsifier; potassium hydroxide （KOH） was used as catalyst. The effect of dosage of cationic emulsifier, dosage of nonionic emulsifier, mass ratio between cationic and nonionic emulsifier and the total amount of composite emulsifier on particle size, particle polydispersity index （PDI）, light transmittance and latex stability were studied. The results show that nonionic emulsifier is helpful to improve the relative stability and narrow the particle size distribution of the microemulsion. Cationic emulsifier minifies the particle size of the microemulsion. As the mass ratio of cationic and nonionic emulsifier increases, the particle size of emulsion decreases and then becomes stable. The total amount of composite emulsifier has a great impact on the relative stability of microemulsion.

关 键 词：八甲基环四硅氧烷 复合乳化剂 微乳液 粒径多分散指数 稳定性 

分 类 号：TQ316.334[化学工程—高聚物工业]